
handle: 10400.5/1239
Os microrganismos do grupo Bacillus cereus são causadores de patologia gastrointestinal, podendo ocorrer duas formas da doença: a síndrome diarreica e a síndrome emética. A forma diarreica é causada pela presença de enterotoxinas. São várias as enterotoxinas produzidas por B. cereus. Existem duas toxinas tripartidas, a hemolisina BL (HBL) e a enterotoxina não hemolítica (NHE), a citotoxina K (CytK), a enterotoxina T e a enterotoxina FM. Este estudo consistiu na pesquisa de genes que codificam enterotoxinas, por PCR (reacção de polimerase em cadeia) em tempo real, em 76 isolados alimentares, provenientes da colecção de bactérias do Laboratório de Bromatologia e Defesa Biológica do Exército. As bactérias utilizadas neste estudo foram caracterizadas morfologicamente, através do isolamento em MYP e agar sangue, e bioquimicamente utilizando a galeria API 50 CH®. Das 76 estirpes analisadas 28 revelaram-se positivas para a toxina HBL, 27 para a NHE, 43 para a enterotoxina T e nenhuma estirpe foi positiva para a citotoxina K. Em suma, 58 das 76 estirpes de B. cereus sensu lato utilizadas neste trabalho são potencialmente patogénicas. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram a existência de uma grande variabilidade de estirpes B. cereus potencialmente produtoras de enterotoxinas isoladas de alimentos.
ABSTRACT - Many strains of Bacillus cereus group cause gastrointestinal diseases, which include two types: diarrheal and emetic syndromes. The diarrheal type of disease is attributed to enterotoxins. Many enterotoxins are produced by B. cereus. The enterotoxins include two tri-partied toxins, hemolysin BL (HBL) and nonhemolytic enterotoxin (NHE), cytotoxin K, enterotoxin T and finally enterotoxin FM. The primary objective of this study was the detection of gene enterotoxins, by real-time PCR (polimerase chain reaction), produced by 76 strains isolated from food samples. Those strains were included in a bacterial collection from LBDBE. The strains used in this study were characterized based on morphological data, like the presence or absence of haemolysis, and biochemical information, using the test API 50 CH®. 28 strains were positive for toxin HBL, 27 for NHE and 43 were positive to enterotoxin T. None of the strains were positive to cytotoxin K. The results showed a high variability in potencial enterotoxic B. cereus strains isolated from food.
Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária
Bacillus cereus, Citotoxina K (CytK), Nonhemolytic enterotoxin (NHE), Citotoxin K (CytK), Microbiologia, Hemolisina BL, Enterotoxin T (BceT), Hemolysin BL, Enterotoxina não hemolítica (NHE), Enterotoxina T (BceT)
Bacillus cereus, Citotoxina K (CytK), Nonhemolytic enterotoxin (NHE), Citotoxin K (CytK), Microbiologia, Hemolisina BL, Enterotoxin T (BceT), Hemolysin BL, Enterotoxina não hemolítica (NHE), Enterotoxina T (BceT)
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