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Conectividade estrutural do cérebro

Authors: Ferra, Carmen Sofia dos Santos;

Conectividade estrutural do cérebro

Abstract

Perceber a rede estrutural formada pelos neurónios no cérebro a nível da macroescala é um desafio actual na área das neurociências. Neste estudo analisou-se a conectividade estrutural do cérebro humano em 22 indivíduos saudáveis e em 2 doentes com epilepsia pós-traumática. Avaliaram-se as diferenças entre estes dois grupos. Também se pesquisaram diferenças a nível do género e idade no grupo de indivíduos saudáveis e os que têm valores médios mais elevados nas medidas de caracterização da rede. Para tal, desenvolveu-se um protocolo de análise recorrendo a diversos softwares especializados e usaram-se medidas da Teoria dos Grafos para a caracterização da conectividade estrutural entre 118 regiões encefálicas distintas. Dentro do grupo dos indivíduos saudáveis concluiu-se que os homens, no geral, são os que têm média mais alta para as medidas de caracterização da rede estrutural. Contudo, não se observaram diferenças significativas em relação ao género nas medidas de caracterização global do cérebro. Relativamente à idade, esta correlaciona-se negativamente, no geral, com as medidas de caracterização da rede estrutural. As regiões onde se observaram as diferenças mais importantes entre indivíduos saudáveis e doentes são: o Sulco Rolândico, o Hipocampo, o Pré-Cuneus, o Tálamo e o Cerebelo em ambos os lados. Estas diferenças são consistentes com as imagens radiológicas dos doentes e com a literatura estudada sobre a epilepsia pós-traumática. Prevêem-se desenvolvimentos para o estudo da conectividade estrutural do cérebro humano, uma vez que a sua potencialidade pode ser combinada com outros métodos de modo a caracterizar as desordens dos circuitos cerebrais. ABSTRACT - Understanding the large-scale structural network formed by neurons is a major challenge in neuroscience. In this study we analyzed the structural connectivity of the human brain in 22 healthy subjects and in 2 patients with post-traumatic epilepsy. We evaluated the differences between these two groups. We also investigated differences in gender and age group of healthy individuals and and those with higher average values in the measures to characterize the network. For this purpose, we developed a protocol analysis using various specialized software and we used measures of graph theory to characterize the structural connectivity between 118 different brain regions. Within the group of healthy subjects we found that men in general are those with higher average measures for the characterization of the structural network. However, there were no significant differences in gender in relation to measures of global characterization of the brain. With regard to age, this is negatively correlated, in general, with measures that characterize the structural network. The brain regions where the most important differences were observed between healthy and patients were: the Rolandic sulcus, the hippocampus, the Pre-Cuneus, thalamus and cerebellum on both sides. These differences are consistent with the radiologic images of patients and the studied literature on post-traumatic epilepsy. Developments are expected to study the structural connectivity of the human brain, since its potential can be combined with other methods to characterize the disorders of the brain circuits.

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Portugal
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Keywords

Epilepsia pós-traumática, Connectivity, Conectividade, Post-traumatic epilepsy, Brain, Radiologia, Radiology, Cérebro

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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