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Las Orogénesis del Paleozoico Inferior en el margen protoandino de América del Sur, Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina.

Authors: Pankhurst, Robert J.; Galindo, Carmen; Baldo, Edgardo G.; Casquet, César; Dahlquist, J.; Rapela, Carlos W.; Saavedra Alonso, Julio;

Las Orogénesis del Paleozoico Inferior en el margen protoandino de América del Sur, Sierras Pampeanas, Argentina.

Abstract

[ES] El margen proto-andino de Gondwana ha sido el escenario de al menos dos orogénesis desde el desmembramiento del supercontinente Rodinia al final del Neoprotrozoico, hasta el reagrupamiento de las masas continentales en Pangea al final del Carbonifero. Ambas orogénesis van precedidas de un periodo de apertura oceánica y sedimentación en márgenes pasivos y culminan en subducción oceánica con desarrollo de arcos-magmáticos de tipo cordillerano y colision de tipo continente-continente. La primera, orogénesis Pampeana, tiene lugar en el Cámbrico, en un intervalo de tiempo relativamente pequeño (535-520 Ma: etapas de subducción-arco magmático y colisión), y culmina con la acreción ortogonal de un pequeño terreno continental (terreno Pampeano) de naturaleza semiautóctona. Por el contrario, la orogénesis Famatiniana, tiene lugar en un periodo de tiempo más dilatado, durante el Ordovícico y Silúrico (499-435 Ma). Durante esta orogénesis tuvo lugar la acreción de un terreno exótico a Gondwana, el terreno Precordillera (460 Ma). Este terreno está constituido por un basamento grenvilliano (aprox. 1.1Ga) y una cubierta sedimentaria de plataforma carbonatada de edad Cámbrico-Ordovícico. La acreción al margen de Gondwana fue probablemente oblicua, y el margen oriental del terreno Precordillera fue afectado por fuerte deformación y metamorfismo regional. El basamento de los cinturones andinos del Paleozoico Superior y Mesozoico situados al oeste de la Precordillera, parece estar constituido también por rocas metamórficas grenvillianas; con lo cual, gran parte de los Andes centrales entre los 26ºS y 34ºS se encuentra asentado sobre terrenos alóctonos. En cualquier caso, la paleogeografía de las masas continentales involucradas en la colisión de los terrenos exóticos durante el Paleozoico Inferior no se conoce bien todavía.

[EN] The proto-Andean margin of Gondwana was the site of at least two orogenies between the break-up of the Rodinia supercontinent, at the end of the Neoproterozoic, and the new continental amalgamation of Pangea at the end of the Carboniferous. Both orogenies were preceded by a period of ocean opening and passive margin sedimentation and ended with ocean subduction, development of cordilleran-type magmatic arcs and continent-continent collision. The Pampean orogeny took place in a relatively short period of time in the early Cambrian (535- 520 Ma; subduction – magmatic arc stage and continental collision), and ended with the orthogonal accretion of a semiautochthonous microcontinental fragment - the Pampean Terrane- to the Gondwana margin. On the other hand, the Famatinian orogeny spanned a longer period of time in the Ordovician and Silurian (499-435 Ma). During this orogeny the exotic Precordillera Terrane was accreted to the margin of Gondwana (460 Ma). This terrane, probably of Laurentian provenance, consists of a Grenvillian basement (1.1 Ga) and a Lower Paleozoic sedimentary cover of the carbonate platform type. Accretion was probably oblique to the Gondwana margin, and the eastern margin of the Precordillera Terrane was thoroughly affected by Famatinian deformation and regional metamorphism. The basement to the Upper Paleozoic and Mesozoic Andean belts, situated to the west of the Precordillera, also appears to be formed by Grenvillian metamorphic rocks, so that the greater part of the Central Andes between 26ºS and 34ºS are established upon allocthonous terranes. The Lower Paleozoic paleogeography of continental masses involved in the collision is not still fully understood.

Este trabajo ha sido subvencionado por los proyectos PICT98-4189 argentino y PB97-1246 español. Este trabajo es una contribución al proyecto IGCP-436: “Tectonic Evolution of the Pacific Gondwana Margin. Structure, Assembly and Break-up Events”.

Peer reviewed

Countries
United Kingdom, Spain
Keywords

Pampean Orogeny, Famatinian Orogeny, Precordillera Terrane, Argentina, Orogénesis Pampeana, Orogénesis Famatiniana, Sierras Pampeanas

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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