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Turkish Studies
Article . 2015 . Peer-reviewed
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Turkish Studies
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Lysistrata: Kadının Antik Yunan Toplumundaki Yeri

Authors: Güzel, Bekir;

Lysistrata: Kadının Antik Yunan Toplumundaki Yeri

Abstract

21. yüzyılda kadının toplumdaki yerinin ve öneminin sorgulanması "kadın sorunu" ile birlikte en çok tartışılan konuların başında gelmektedir. Tarihte kadının toplumdaki yerini ve önemini etkileyen, nihayetinde de bugün üzerinde sıkça tartışılan kadın sorununun ortaya çıkmasına yol açan iki kırılma noktası vardır. İlki avcı toplayıcılıktan tarıma dayalı bir düzene geçiş; ikincisi ise insan gücüne dayalı üretimden makine gücüne dayalı üretime geçiştir. İlk kırılma ile birlikte anaerkil bir yapıya sahip olan toplumun, ataerkil bir yapıya dönüşmeye başladığı düşünülmektedir. Günümüzde yapılmış veya yapılan arkeolojik kazıların ve antropolojik araştırmaların sonucunda söz konusu ataerkil yapıyla ilgili pek çok bilgiye ulaşmak mümkündür. Örneğin Antik Yunan toplumunda kesin çizgilerle çizilmiş cinsiyet rollerinin olduğunu rahatlıkla söyleyebiliriz. Antik Yunan toplumunda kadının yerini anlamak için en iyi kaynak şüphesiz Platon'un ve Aristoteles'in eserleridir. Aslında her iki filozofa göre de Antik Yunan toplumunda kadın oldukça işlevsel bir konuma sahiptir; ancak aynı işlevsellikten politika ve ekonomi söz konusu olduğunda bahsedilemez. Ancak biz bu çalışmada kadının Antik Yunan toplumundaki yerini ortaya koymak için Aristophanes'in M.Ö. 411 yılında Atina'da sahnelenen Lysistrara adlı komedya oyunundan yararlanacağız. Oyun Peloponnesse Savaşı sırasında yazılmış ve sahnelenmiştir. Bu oyun, kadının Yunan toplumundaki yerinin ortaya konması açısından okuyucuya çeşitli örnekler sunmaktadır. Oyunda geçen diyaloglardan anlaşılacağı üzere Antik Yunan toplumunda kadınlar aşağılanmakta ve hor görülmektedirler. Bu yüzden bu oyun Antik Yunan toplumunda kadınlara kabul ettirilmeye çalışılan toplumsal kimliklere karşı bir tepkidir. Sonuç olarak, bugün batı uygarlığını temsil ettiğini iddia eden toplumların temelinde dışlanmaya, eşitsizliğe ve adaletsize dayanan kemikleşmiş bir kadın algısının bulunduğu gerçeği bu çalışmada vurgulanmak istenen en önemli noktadır

In the 21st century, the inquiry regarding the place and importance of woman is one of the much-debated issues along with the “woman problem”. In the history there are two milestones which had an influence on the place and importance of woman in society and ultimately led the much-debated woman problem today. The first one is a shift from hunter-gatherer society to agricultural one, and the second is a shift in production from manpower to machines. The first milestone is considered to be the starting point of the shift from a matriarchal society to a patriarchal one. As a result of today’s archeological excavations, it is possible to reach a lot of information on the culture of ancient patriarchal society. For example, based on the information we could easily state that there were distinct gender models in Ancient Greece. The best resources to consult in order to understand the place of women in Ancient Greece are obviously works of Plato and Aristotle. According to both philosophers actually woman had a functional place in Ancient Greece; however the same functionality was not even mentioned in politics and economy. However, in order to reveal place of women in Ancient Greece, this study focuses on the comedy Lysistrata which was put on stage by Aristophanes in B.C. 411 in Athens. The play was written and presented during Peloponnesse War. This play involves various samples in order to reveal the place of women in Greece society. Inferred from the conversations and statements of the play, in Ancient Greece women were insulted and humiliated by men continuously. For this reason, this play is a reaction to the imposed social identities to women in Ancient Greece. In conclusion, the most important point to emphasize in this study is the fact that today there is a rooted perception of woman based on ostracism, inequality and injustice in the societies which claim to represent western civilization

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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