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On singular signed graphs with nullspace spanned by a full vector: signed nut graphs

Authors: Bašić, N.; Fowler, P.W.; Pisanski, T.; Sciriha, I.;

On singular signed graphs with nullspace spanned by a full vector: signed nut graphs

Abstract

A signed graph has edge weights drawn from the set $\{+1,-1\}$, and is termed sign-balanced if it is equivalent to an unsigned graph under the operation of sign switching; otherwise it is called sign-unbalanced. A nut graph has a one dimensional kernel with a corresponding eigenvector that is full. In this paper we generalise the notion of nut graphs to signed graphs. Orders for which unsigned regular nut graphs exist were determined recently for the degrees up to $11$. By extending the definition to signed nut graphs, we find all pairs $(��, n)$ for which a $��$-regular nut graph (sign-balanced or sign-unbalanced) of order $n$ exists with $��\le 11$. We devise a construction for signed nut graphs based on a smaller `seed' graph, giving infinite series of both sign-balanced and sign-unbalanced $��$-regular nut graphs. All orders for which a complete sign-unbalanced nut graph exists are characterised; they have underlying graph $K_n$ with $n \equiv 1 \pmod 4$. All orders for which a regular sign-unbalanced nut graph with $��= n - 2$ exists are also characterised; they have an underlying cocktail-party graph $\mathrm{CP}(n)$ with even $n \geq 8$.

43 pages, 4 figures, 2 appendices

Keywords

singular graph, graph spectrum, nut graph, 15a18, 05c92, sign-unbalanced graph, Eigenvalues, Graph theory, signed graph, Kernel functions, cocktail-party graph, QA1-939, FOS: Mathematics, Mathematics - Combinatorics, sign-balanced graph, 05c22, Combinatorics (math.CO), Graph algorithms, fowler construction, 05c50, Nullity, Mathematics, 05C50, 15A18, 05C22, 05C92

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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Published in a Diamond OA journal
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