Structural capital refers to the intangible assets of an organization that are related to its internal structure. The present study analyzes structural capital in an exploratory manner and facilitates the interpretation of structural capital as it is crucial to understanding how these elements contribute to the value and performance of microenterprises in the canton of La Maná. Exploratory factor analysis helps simplify this complexity and group them into factors that represent broader concepts. Four hypotheses were proposed related to organizational and technological structuring (H1), knowledge management and innovation (H2), the adoption of technological tools (H3) and the efficiency of the organizational system (H4). An exploratory factor analysis was carried out with the purpose of identifying the underlying structure of the variables linked to structural capital. The results with 5 factors confirmed H1, showing that greater organizational structuring improves business performance and sustainability. Regarding H2, it was found that knowledge management and process innovation strengthen competitiveness. Likewise, H3 was supported by demonstrating that the adoption of information technologies and systems optimizes strategic decision making. Finally, H4 was validated by observing that an efficient organizational system aimed at improving the work of employees increases competitive advantage. These findings highlight the relevance of structural capital as a key factor for the sustainability and competitiveness of microenterprises in dynamic environments.