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https://doi.org/10.5821/disser...
Doctoral thesis . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
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Multipartite secret sharing schemes

Authors: Farràs Ventura, Oriol;

Multipartite secret sharing schemes

Abstract

This thesis is dedicated to the study of secret sharing schemes, which are cryptographic methods to share information in a secure way. The topics that are considered in the thesis are two of the main open problems in secret sharing: the characterization of the ideal access structures and the optimization of the length of the shares for general access structures. These open problems are studied for multipartite secret sharing schemes. In these schemes the set of participants is divided into parts and the participants in each part have the same rights to obtain the secret. The results of the thesis are based on a new combinatorial property of secret sharing schemes, which is a connection between ideal multipartite secret sharing schemes and integer polymatroids. It provides new sufficient conditions and necessary conditions for an access structure to be ideal. Moreover, this connection is also used in the construction ideal linear multipartite secret sharing schemes. These results are useful for the study of multipartite access structures in which the number of parts is small in relation to the number of participants, and multipartite access structures in which the parts are related in a special way. This is the case of the family of hierarchical access structures, which are the ones in which the participants can be hierarchically ordered, and the family of tripartite access structures. Applying these results, the ideal access structures in these families are completely characterized. All the ideal multipartite secret sharing schemes presented in the literature are related to a particular family of integer polymatroids, the boolean ones. The analysis of these polymatroids leds to the find of new ideal multipartite secret sharing schemes. The optimization of the length of the shares is also studied for multipartite secret sharing schemes, in particular for the bipartite ones. The main results are a new method to find bound on the length of the shares that combines linear El tema d'aquesta tesi són els esquemes de compartició de secrets, uns mètodes criptogràfics que permeten fragmentar missatges de manera segura. En particular s'aborden dos dels principals problemes oberts en aquest camp: la caracterització de les estructures d'accés que admeten esquemes de compartició de secrets ideals i l'optimització de la llargada dels fragments en construccions per estructures d'accés generals. Aquests problemes oberts s'estudien per estructures d'accés multipartides, que són estructures en què el conjunt de participants està dividit en diferents parts i a cada part tots els participants tenen el mateix rol. Aquest plantejament resulta útil per estudiar famílies d'estructures d'accés en què el nombre de parts és petit i estructures en què hi ha alguna relació especial entre les parts, com les jeràrquiques i les compartmentades. L'eina principal d'aquest estudi és una nova propietat de les estructures ideals que es presenta en aquesta tesi, una connexió entre les estructures ideals multipartides i els polimatroides enters. A partir d'aquesta connexió s'obté una condició suficient i una de necessària perquè una estructura d'accés multipartida sigui ideal. Així, aquesta connexió permet discutir la idealitat de les estructures d'accés i també, en el cas que el polimatoride sigui representable, construir esquemes ideals a partir de les representacions. Aplicant aquests resultats s'obté un nou marc per descriure i analitzar mètodes per construir esquemes multipartits ideals. Com a resultat d'aquest estudi s'obté una caracterització completa de les estructures d'accés tripartides ideals i de les jeràrquiques ideals. Una estructura és jeràrquica si el conjunt de participants es pot ordenar de tal manera que si en un conjunt autoritzat es canvia un participant per un de jeràrquicament superior, el nou conjunt també és autoritzat. A partir d'aquest resultat s'obté una nova caracterització de les estructures de llindar amb pesos ideals. Després d'analitzar tots els esquemes de compartició de secrets ideals multipartits presentats fins l'actualitat, es mostra que tots ells estan relacionats amb una família molt senzilla de polimatroides enters, els booleans. A partir d'aquests polimatroides s'obté una nova família d'estructures ideals, les compartmentades, que inclouen diverses famílies estudiades prèviament. L'altre problema obert considerat a la tesi, l'estudi de l'optimització de la llargada dels fragments, es centra en les estructures bipartides. Combinant tècniques de programació lineal i polimatroides, es presenta un mètode per calcular fites en la llargada dels fragments per estructures d'accés no ideals que és vàlid per qualsevol estructura multipartida. A partir de tècniques algebraiques es presenten noves fites i una família d'esquemes bipartits òptims.

Country
Spain
Keywords

51, Àrees temàtiques de la UPC::Matemàtiques i estadística, Esquemes de compartició de secrets, 500, :Matemàtiques i estadística [Àrees temàtiques de la UPC], Criptografia,  Criptografia, Programació lineal, Protocol criptogràfic, Polimatroides,  Polimatroides,  Teoria de la informació, Teoria de la informació,  Protocol criptogràfic,  Matroides, Matroides,  Esquemes de compartició de secrets, Anàlisi combinatòria

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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