In recent years, wireless charging technology has developed rapidly, providing many conveniences for people's lives. However, the demand for long-distance wireless charging, such as drones and satellites, is still unsatisfied. This article will introduce the laser power transfer technology, which can meet the needs of long-distance charging, introduce its principle, and compare it with traditional wireless charging methods. At the same time, three current photoelectric conversion efficiency optimization schemes of this technology will be introduced: modified PV receiver geometries, MPPT techniques, and secondary concentrator. Due to the use of special instruments, modified PV receiver geometries and the secondary concentrating method are expensive and difficult to have universality. Still, they are currently in the early stage of development and have great potential. The MPPT techniques have long been used in many photovoltaic fields and have perfect technology, but they cannot work normally under special circumstances, so they still need to be improved.