
Resumen: Por su carácter megadiverso, el Ecuador puede ocupar un rol clave en la lucha contra la pérdida de biodiversidad global. Un obstáculo para esto radica en la importancia que tiene el extractivismo en la economía nacional. Dicha tensión se manifestó recientemente en dos consultas populares donde la ciudadanía optó por prohibir este tipo de actividades en dos de los territorios más biodiversos del planeta: el Chocó Andino y el Parque Nacional Yasuní. Los resultados apuntan a que el lectorado priorizó la protección de la naturaleza por sobre la «hegemonía del crecimiento». Este artículo sugiere que dicha victoria apunta al avance de un proyecto contrahegemónico capaz de promover el decrecimiento desde el Sur global. Palabras clave: hegemonía, contrahegemonía, biodiversidad, democracia directa, decrecimiento Abstract: Owing to its megadiverse status, Ecuador can play a key role in the fight against global biodiversity loss. One obstacle for this lies in the importance of extractivism in the national economy. This tension was recently manifested in two popular referendums where citizens chose to ban extractivism in two of the most biodiverse territories on the planet: the Chocó Andino and the Yasuní National Park. This article suggests that this victory points to the advancement of a counter-hegemonic project capable of promoting degrowth from the Global South. Keywords: hegemony, counter-hegemony, biodiversity, direct democracy, degrowth
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