The social determinants of mental health with respect to the role of a person’s religiosity are examined in this paper, based on personal experience and a review of the literature. The objective is to hypothesize that religiosity can influence a person’s mental health through three factors: a sense of moral value, support from a community of faith, and exercise of spirituality. The Medline and SciElo databases were reviewed as of 1990, in English and Spanish, using the keywords: spirituality, belief, religion and social determinants of mental health. The references related to the subject were taken into account as well. The article concludes that it is important in bioethics to incorporate the theme of religiosity as a factor in mental health, based on deliberative dialogue and considering the patient’s position as an interlocutor. It also is imperative to bear in mind the support provided by a community of faith that has embraced the virtues of solidarity and acceptance of others.