https://brasiliensis.cerm.org.br/index.php/brasiliensis/article/view/133/version/133 Postmodernity seems an old-fashioned label. The different authors who drew up the notarial deed of the death of the ideologies were limited to paraphrasing the apocalypse and to propose in the best of cases a humanistic alternative to the catastrophe that was approaching. The Church faces new challenges. Before showing his positive proposal: eternity, the supernatural, hope, the meaning of life, morality, he will have to defend the temporal, the human, the biological life, nature, sexuality, in a countercultural and revolutionary way, because the “world” already thinks otherwise. From the theology of the body of Saint John Paul II to the Laudato si’ of Pope Francisco the palestra is the presentation of an old theological anthropology with new concepts and arguments to finish in eschatology.