First Four Centuries of Slovenian Vacuum Techniques
First Four Centuries of Slovenian Vacuum Techniques
There are lots of histories of research of vacuum published before this one. They focused technological or philosophical-theological aspects, or both. Why on earth do we need another one? There is one main reason: here, for the first time in historiography, we primary concentrate on the reception of vacuum-related issues in some limited geographical area. That area is called Central Europe, or, more precisely, Slovenia. There is also a nationalistic point in it: we wish to suggest, that all kinds of sciences including vacuum researches were never exclusive domain of Anglo-Saxon part of humans. In this stage of research, it is not quite possible to determine all the merits of non-European people, while the Slovenian contributions are much clearer. And they are not at all some minor obscurities, as the following narration tries to prove. Regretfully, at this point there is not much to be narrated about the probable vacuum techniques of Aborigines, Pacific Islands people and Sub-Saharan Africans, while just some sporadic information are provided about the Native American lyophilization or lapis nephriticum, Near Easterners’ development of Hellenic vacuum and overpressure technologies or the Far Eastern Oriental ideas about vacuums and zeros focused on Kerala areas in India. A little more is provided about Chinese and Japanese early borrowings of European designs of vacuum technologies and luminescence. Those faults are not just the consequences of our Eurocentrism, but also a regretful consequence of the lack of historical research and data about the Non-Europeans worldwide up to now.
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Count Johann Karl Philip Cobenzl (Kobencl), Ljubljana, Brussels, 18th Century, 17th century, Athanasius Kircher, Torricelli, Abondio Maria Inzaghi, Ernest Freyer, Count Franz Johann Inzaghi, Alessandro Volta, Idrija, Ljubljana, Pavia, history of Vacuum Technology, Brno Džamanjić (Zamagna), Ruđer Bošković, History of Astronomy, History of Aeronautics, History of Air Pumps, Slovenia, Steam Engines, Vacuum Tubes, Athanasius Kircher, Ferdinand de Montegnana, Ljubljana, Tobias Gruber, Gabriel Gruber, Vacuum Based Measurement Devices, Jesuits, Baron Bernard Ferdinand Erberg, Anton Ambschell, Mihael Peternel, Carniolan Society of Agriculture and Useful Arts, Johann Philipp Neumann, Franz Schubert, Pioneer of Ballooning Gregor Kraškovič, History of Ballooning, Bloke of Inner Carniola, Vienna, Ragusa, High-speed cameras, Ernst Mach, Peter Salcher, plasma sputtering, magnetron, Milan Osredkar, Jožef Stefan Institute, Vacuum and Nuclear Techniques in Mid-20th Century, Robert Blinc's Obituary, Liquid Crystals, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Flask, Lyophilisation (Freeze-drying), Cooking Sous-vide, Otto Guericke, Robert Boyle, Benjamin Thompson count Rumford, Nikola Tesla, History of Technological Achievements of Osilnica and Upper Kolpa River Regions, Vilhar, optoelectronics, optics of thin films, Public Opinion about Sciences, Founding of Research, DVTS, Leybold, Heraeus, Balzers, Cauchy, Gorizia, Hallerstein, Beijing, Japan, 18th Century, Jesuits, Electrophorus, Air Pumps, Franz Hočevar, Metlika in White Carniola, History of Vacuum Technology & Science, History of Electricity, Janez Vajkard (Johann Weikhard) Auersperg, History of Libraries, Zelli, Zois, Marmont, J.K. Kersnik, S. Gunz, V. Vodnik. C. Nodier, Slovenian lands, Illyrian Provinces, Napoleon, discharges, Slovenia, Female Physicists, A. Klemenc, Hugo Sirk, Anton Peterlin, Maks Samec, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Dekleva, Navinšek, Accelerator, Thin Films, ABomb, Ljubljana, Nanotubes, Ljubljana Prince's Library, Ivan Dizma Florjančič de Grienfeld, History of Libraries, Sittich Cistercians, Franciscans, Capuchins, Rheita, V. Magni, Valvasor, History of Thin Films Technology, Gruber, Joule Expansion, Joule-Thomson Cooling, Count Johann Karl Philip Cobenzl (Kobencl), Ljubljana, Brussels, 18th Century, 17th century, Athanasius Kircher, Torricelli, Abondio Maria Inzaghi, Ernest Freyer, Count Franz Johann Inzaghi, Alessandro Volta, Idrija, Ljubljana, Pavia, history of Vacuum Technology, Brno Džamanjić (Zamagna), Ruđer Bošković, History of Astronomy, History of Aeronautics, History of Air Pumps, Slovenia, Steam Engines, Vacuum Tubes, Athanasius Kircher, Ferdinand de Montegnana, Ljubljana, Tobias Gruber, Gabriel Gruber, Vacuum Based Measurement Devices, Jesuits, Baron Bernard Ferdinand Erberg, Anton Ambschell, Mihael Peternel, Carniolan Society of Agriculture and Useful Arts, Johann Philipp Neumann, Franz Schubert, Pioneer of Ballooning Gregor Kraškovič, History of Ballooning, Bloke of Inner Carniola, Vienna, Ragusa, High-speed cameras, Ernst Mach, Peter Salcher, plasma sputtering, magnetron, Milan Osredkar, Jožef Stefan Institute, Vacuum and Nuclear Techniques in Mid-20th Century, Robert Blinc's Obituary, Liquid Crystals, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Flask, Lyophilisation (Freeze-drying), Cooking Sous-vide, Otto Guericke, Robert Boyle, Benjamin Thompson count Rumford, Nikola Tesla, History of Technological Achievements of Osilnica and Upper Kolpa River Regions, Vilhar, optoelectronics, optics of thin films, Public Opinion about Sciences, Founding of Research, DVTS, Leybold, Heraeus, Balzers, Cauchy, Gorizia, Hallerstein, Beijing, Japan, 18th Century, Jesuits, Electrophorus, Air Pumps, Franz Hočevar, Metlika in White Carniola, History of Vacuum Technology & Science, History of Electricity, Janez Vajkard (Johann Weikhard) Auersperg, History of Libraries, Zelli, Zois, Marmont, J.K. Kersnik, S. Gunz, V. Vodnik. C. Nodier, Slovenian lands, Illyrian Provinces, Napoleon, discharges, Slovenia, Female Physicists, A. Klemenc, Hugo Sirk, Anton Peterlin, Maks Samec, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Dekleva, Navinšek, Accelerator, Thin Films, ABomb, Ljubljana, Nanotubes, Ljubljana Prince's Library, Ivan Dizma Florjančič de Grienfeld, History of Libraries, Sittich Cistercians, Franciscans, Capuchins, Rheita, V. Magni, Valvasor, History of Thin Films Technology, Gruber, Joule Expansion, Joule-Thomson Cooling
Count Johann Karl Philip Cobenzl (Kobencl), Ljubljana, Brussels, 18th Century, 17th century, Athanasius Kircher, Torricelli, Abondio Maria Inzaghi, Ernest Freyer, Count Franz Johann Inzaghi, Alessandro Volta, Idrija, Ljubljana, Pavia, history of Vacuum Technology, Brno Džamanjić (Zamagna), Ruđer Bošković, History of Astronomy, History of Aeronautics, History of Air Pumps, Slovenia, Steam Engines, Vacuum Tubes, Athanasius Kircher, Ferdinand de Montegnana, Ljubljana, Tobias Gruber, Gabriel Gruber, Vacuum Based Measurement Devices, Jesuits, Baron Bernard Ferdinand Erberg, Anton Ambschell, Mihael Peternel, Carniolan Society of Agriculture and Useful Arts, Johann Philipp Neumann, Franz Schubert, Pioneer of Ballooning Gregor Kraškovič, History of Ballooning, Bloke of Inner Carniola, Vienna, Ragusa, High-speed cameras, Ernst Mach, Peter Salcher, plasma sputtering, magnetron, Milan Osredkar, Jožef Stefan Institute, Vacuum and Nuclear Techniques in Mid-20th Century, Robert Blinc's Obituary, Liquid Crystals, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Flask, Lyophilisation (Freeze-drying), Cooking Sous-vide, Otto Guericke, Robert Boyle, Benjamin Thompson count Rumford, Nikola Tesla, History of Technological Achievements of Osilnica and Upper Kolpa River Regions, Vilhar, optoelectronics, optics of thin films, Public Opinion about Sciences, Founding of Research, DVTS, Leybold, Heraeus, Balzers, Cauchy, Gorizia, Hallerstein, Beijing, Japan, 18th Century, Jesuits, Electrophorus, Air Pumps, Franz Hočevar, Metlika in White Carniola, History of Vacuum Technology & Science, History of Electricity, Janez Vajkard (Johann Weikhard) Auersperg, History of Libraries, Zelli, Zois, Marmont, J.K. Kersnik, S. Gunz, V. Vodnik. C. Nodier, Slovenian lands, Illyrian Provinces, Napoleon, discharges, Slovenia, Female Physicists, A. Klemenc, Hugo Sirk, Anton Peterlin, Maks Samec, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Dekleva, Navinšek, Accelerator, Thin Films, ABomb, Ljubljana, Nanotubes, Ljubljana Prince's Library, Ivan Dizma Florjančič de Grienfeld, History of Libraries, Sittich Cistercians, Franciscans, Capuchins, Rheita, V. Magni, Valvasor, History of Thin Films Technology, Gruber, Joule Expansion, Joule-Thomson Cooling, Count Johann Karl Philip Cobenzl (Kobencl), Ljubljana, Brussels, 18th Century, 17th century, Athanasius Kircher, Torricelli, Abondio Maria Inzaghi, Ernest Freyer, Count Franz Johann Inzaghi, Alessandro Volta, Idrija, Ljubljana, Pavia, history of Vacuum Technology, Brno Džamanjić (Zamagna), Ruđer Bošković, History of Astronomy, History of Aeronautics, History of Air Pumps, Slovenia, Steam Engines, Vacuum Tubes, Athanasius Kircher, Ferdinand de Montegnana, Ljubljana, Tobias Gruber, Gabriel Gruber, Vacuum Based Measurement Devices, Jesuits, Baron Bernard Ferdinand Erberg, Anton Ambschell, Mihael Peternel, Carniolan Society of Agriculture and Useful Arts, Johann Philipp Neumann, Franz Schubert, Pioneer of Ballooning Gregor Kraškovič, History of Ballooning, Bloke of Inner Carniola, Vienna, Ragusa, High-speed cameras, Ernst Mach, Peter Salcher, plasma sputtering, magnetron, Milan Osredkar, Jožef Stefan Institute, Vacuum and Nuclear Techniques in Mid-20th Century, Robert Blinc's Obituary, Liquid Crystals, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Flask, Lyophilisation (Freeze-drying), Cooking Sous-vide, Otto Guericke, Robert Boyle, Benjamin Thompson count Rumford, Nikola Tesla, History of Technological Achievements of Osilnica and Upper Kolpa River Regions, Vilhar, optoelectronics, optics of thin films, Public Opinion about Sciences, Founding of Research, DVTS, Leybold, Heraeus, Balzers, Cauchy, Gorizia, Hallerstein, Beijing, Japan, 18th Century, Jesuits, Electrophorus, Air Pumps, Franz Hočevar, Metlika in White Carniola, History of Vacuum Technology & Science, History of Electricity, Janez Vajkard (Johann Weikhard) Auersperg, History of Libraries, Zelli, Zois, Marmont, J.K. Kersnik, S. Gunz, V. Vodnik. C. Nodier, Slovenian lands, Illyrian Provinces, Napoleon, discharges, Slovenia, Female Physicists, A. Klemenc, Hugo Sirk, Anton Peterlin, Maks Samec, Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Dekleva, Navinšek, Accelerator, Thin Films, ABomb, Ljubljana, Nanotubes, Ljubljana Prince's Library, Ivan Dizma Florjančič de Grienfeld, History of Libraries, Sittich Cistercians, Franciscans, Capuchins, Rheita, V. Magni, Valvasor, History of Thin Films Technology, Gruber, Joule Expansion, Joule-Thomson Cooling
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