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METODOLOGÍA PARA LA ESTIMACIÓN DE LA VULNERABILIDAD ORIENTADA AL ANÁLISIS MULTIAMENAZA APLICADA A LA ESTRATEGIA DE RECUPERACIÓN POST-DESASTRE DE LA PALMA

Authors: Martín-Raya, Nerea; García Vaquero, María; Domínguez Hernández, Alba;

METODOLOGÍA PARA LA ESTIMACIÓN DE LA VULNERABILIDAD ORIENTADA AL ANÁLISIS MULTIAMENAZA APLICADA A LA ESTRATEGIA DE RECUPERACIÓN POST-DESASTRE DE LA PALMA

Abstract

Tradicionalmente el análisis del riesgo se ha centrado, principalmente, en el estudio de las amenazas y se han obviado otros elementos, igual de importantes, como la exposición o la vulnerabilidad. Sin embargo, este último, actúa como un factor determinante frente a la amenaza y, por tanto, constituye un elemento indispensable para el cómputo del riesgo. Dentro del contexto del Marco Territorial de Recuperación de La Palma tras el desastre de origen volcánico ocurrido a finales del año 2021, surge la necesidad de llevar a cabo distintos análisis transversales para evaluar y mitigar el riesgo de desastres. Por ello, cobra especial interés establecer una metodología de análisis de la vulnerabilidad orientada al análisis del riesgo y, de esta forma, poder establecer medidas para reducirla y adaptarse a los futuros impactos esperados. Este trabajo centra sus esfuerzos en valorar la vulnerabilidad de la población, edificaciones, cultivos, infraestructuras, servicios y medioambiente en el Valle de Aridane frente a la amenaza sísmica, volcánica, de movimientos de ladera e inundaciones. Desde esta perspectiva, se aplica una metodología novedosa fundamentada en un análisis multi-amenaza. Para ello, se han estimado individualmente cada uno de los elementos abordados, estableciendo diferentes variables y criterios que determinan su mayor o menor vulnerabilidad y, asignándole un valor en función de ello. Por ejemplo, algunos factores que se han tenido en cuenta para la población son el nivel de estudios, cantidad de extranjeros y ancianos o la densidad de población. Posteriormente, utilizando Sistemas de Información Geográfica (SIG) se ha calculado la vulnerabilidad por elemento y se ha realizado una integración de todas ellos. Los resultados obtenidos permiten observar la vulnerabilidad en el Valle de Aridane a través de una cartografía sencilla, completa y entendible para los diferentes sectores implicados

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Keywords

riesgo, Volcán Cumbre Vieja, análisis vulnerabilidad, reducción riesgo de desastre, SIG

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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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impulse
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