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Relación entre sueño, dispositivos tecnológicos y rendimiento académico en adolescentes

García-Real, Teresa-Juana; Losada-Puente, Luisa;

Relación entre sueño, dispositivos tecnológicos y rendimiento académico en adolescentes

Abstract

Introducción: La higiene y la calidad del sueño se ha relacionado con el funcionamiento cognitivo en la adolescencia. El creciente uso de dispositivos tecnológicos puede afectar negativamente a su sueño y rendimiento académico. Objetivo: Estudiar algunas variables que pueden estar implicadas en la higiene o alteraciones del sueño, uso de dispositivos tecnológicos y rendimiento académico, detectando diferencias y asociaciones según edad y sexo. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo transversal en el que participaron 53 estudiantes entre 13-16 años respondiendo sobre su higiene de sueño y su uso de dispositivos tecnológicos. También se les aplicó el Cribado de BEARS y la Escala Breve de Ajuste Escolar. Sus padres informaron sobre calificaciones escolares y ejercicio físico de sus hijos. Resultados: Los principales resultados se observaron en adolescentes de 13-14 años, presentaron más estrés (M = 4.33), consumo de bebidas estimulantes (M = 2.89) y problemas para dormir (50%). En general, hubo desfase significativo entre horas de dormir días escolares y fines de semana, acentuándose la diferencia con la edad. La somnolencia fue la alteración del sueño más referida (47%) y se asoció con desconexión más tardía de dispositivos electrónicos y menor duración del sueño. Las calificaciones, mejores en mujeres, correlacionaron con ajuste. Conclusiones: Las implicaciones teóricas del estudio podrían ser útiles para construir un modelo que aúne estas variables y las implicaciones prácticas para desarrollar propuestas de intervención socioeducativa enfocadas a mejorar la higiene del sueño y el uso a los dispositivos tecnológicos, a fin de minimizar su impacto negativo sobre el rendimiento académico.

Keywords

adolescentes, dispositivos tecnológicos, rendimiento académico, sueño

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This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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