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Ivermectin for Covid-19

Name: Ivermectin for Covid-19
Creator: Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina
Keywords: Covid-19, Ivermectin, Hydroxychloroquine, Doxycycline, azithromycin, Covid-19 rare symptoms

descriptionPublicationkeyboard_double_arrow_right Other literature type , Research 27 Jun 2020 English Zenodo

Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina;

Ivermectin for Covid-19

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Abstract

Discussion of scholarly papers published on Ivermectin, starting from the article of Caly et al. in Antiviral Research, available online April 3, 2020, and of some news that we can find about the use of this drug for the treatment of Covid-19. A list of clinical trials is also given. The proposed discussion was made in a series of versions from 14 June to 29 July 2020. Here updates (September 8, September 20). For what concerns scholarly papers, we report among them three preprints in MedRχiv. One, posted on 10 June, concludes that Ivermectin was associated with lower mortality during treatment of Covid-19. The other preprints, posted on 8 July and 15 September, are showing results of clinical studies. The preprint of July 8 tells, in its conclusions that add-on use of Ivermectin is giving better results when compared to controls, in particular a significant shorter hospitalization. The preprint of September 15 is reporting about the use of ivermectin, dexamethasone, enoxaparin and aspirin in the treatment of Covid-19. A preprint, posted in Research Square on July 14, is reported too. This preprint is giving the result of a trial regarding the combinations Ivermectin-Doxycycline and Hydroxychloroquine-Azithromycin. Among news, we consider especially the news regarding the use of Ivermectin in Peru. The case of Iquitos is discussed in detail. Epidemic data in this region are considered. News displaying the observation of rare symptoms of Covid-19, is also reported in detail. The observation was related to a large set of patients in Lima. The updates (8 September 2020 and 20 September 2020) are given in Appendix B and C.

Before reading this work, please consider that I am not a physician. I do not suggest the use of ivermectin. I am not touting this drug. This analysis of publications and news about ivermectin is made in the framework of a wider investigation about information concerning drugs used for Covid-19.

Keywords

Covid-19, Ivermectin, Hydroxychloroquine, Doxycycline, azithromycin, Covid-19 rare symptoms

[1] Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina. (2020, May 9). Drugs used in Italy against Covid-19. Zenodo. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3818234

[2] Caly, L., Druce, J., Catton, M., Jans, D. & Wagstaff, K. (2020). The FDA-approved Drug Ivermectin inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. Antiviral Research Volume 178, June 2020, 104787. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104787 [OpenAIRE]

[3] Virginia D Schmith, Jie Zhou, Lauren RL Lohmer (2020). The Approved Dose of Ivermectin Alone is not the Ideal Dose for the Treatment of COVID-19, medRχiv prepint posted April 26, 2020. doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.21.20073262 [OpenAIRE]

[4] Fatemeh Heidary and Reza Gharebaghi (2020). Ivermectin: a systematic review from antiviral effects to COVID-19 complementary regimen. J Antibiot (Tokyo). 2020 Jun 12 : 1-10. doi: 10.1038/s41429-020-0336-z [Epub ahead of print] - PMCID: PMC7290143 [7] Khan Sharun, Kuldeep Dhama, Shailesh Kumar Patel, Mamta Pathak, Ruchi Tiwari, Bhoj Raj Singh, Ranjit Sah, D. Katterine Bonilla-Aldana, Alfonso J. Rodriguez-Morales, and Hakan Leblebicioglu (2020). Ivermectin, a new candidate therapeutic against SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 . Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2020; 19: 23. Published online 2020 May 30. doi: 10.1186/s12941-020-00368-w - PMCID: PMC7261036 - PMID: 32473642 [12] Heidary, F., Gharebaghi, R. (2020). Ivermectin: a systematic review from antiviral effects to COVID-19 complementary regimen. J Antibiot. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41429-020-0336-z [14] Momekov, G., & Momekova, D. (2020). Ivermectin as a potential COVID-19 treatment from the pharmacokinetic point of view: antiviral levels are not likely attainable with known dosing regimens. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 34(1), 469-474. [OpenAIRE]

[16] Kalyne Gonçalves, Amanda Vasconcelos, Davi Barbirato, et al. Therapeutic potential of ivermectin for COVID-19. Authorea. May 26, 2020. DOI: 10.22541/au.159050476.60928563

[17] Juliana Cepelowicz Rajter, Michael Sherman, Naaz Fatteh, Fabio Vogel, Jamie Sacks, JeanJacques Rajter (2020). ICON (Ivermectin in COvid Nineteen) study: Use of Ivermectin is Associated with Lower Mortality in Hospitalized Patients with COVID19. Preprint MedRχiv. Posted June 10, 2020. doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.06.20124461

[18] Andy CRUMP and Satoshi ŌMURA (2011). Ivermectin, 'Wonder drug' from Japan: the human use perspective. Proc Jpn Acad Ser B Phys Biol Sci. 2011 Feb 10; 87(2): 13-28. doi: 10.2183/pjab.87.13 - PMCID: PMC3043740 - PMID: 21321478

[19] Buonfrate, D., Salas-Coronas, J., Muñoz, J., Maruri, B.T., Rodari, P., Castelli, F., Zammarchi, L., Bianchi, L., Gobbi, F., Cabezas-Fernández, T. and Requena-Mendez, A., Godbole, G., Silva, R., Romero, M., Chiodini, P.L., & Bisoffi, Z. (2019). Multiple-dose versus single-dose ivermectin for Strongyloides stercoralis infection (Strong Treat 1 to 4): a multicentre, open-label, phase 3, randomised controlled superiority trial. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 19(11), pp.1181-1190.

[19] Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina. (2020, May 21). Drugs used in clinical trials for Covid-19 according to NIH. Zenodo. http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3837219

[20] Barbara Fraser (2020). COVID-19 strains remote regions of Peru. The Lancet Journal - WORLD REPORT| VOLUME 395, ISSUE 10238, P1684, MAY 30, 2020 - Published: May 30, 2020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)31236-8

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	citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).	0
	popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.	Average
	influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).	Average
	impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.	Average

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	citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).	0
	popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.	Average
	influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).	Average
	impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.	Average

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