Since the late Qing Dynasty, Guangxi has been facing an energy dilemma characterized by a scarcity of coal and oil, which was particularly pronounced during the period of second sino-Japanese war. This paper focuses on the development of local energy resources in Guangxi during second sino-Japanese war, analyzing how Guangxi coped with energy shortages by developing indigenous resources such as charcoal, coal mines, plant oils, and hydropower. The government played a leading role in this process, promoting the development of the energy industry through policy support and financial investment. At the same time, the participation of private capital and technology provided innovative momentum for energy development. Despite issues such as uneven distribution of energy resources in time and space and unbalanced regional development, Guangxi's experience in energy development provides valuable lessons for modern China's energy security and structural transformation, emphasizing the importance of government and private sector collaboration in promoting the development of the energy industry.