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Article . 2024
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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İbn Zencûye'nin Kitâbü'l-Emvâl'i Çerçevesinde Kamu Maliyesine Dair Görüşleri

Ibn Zanjūya's Views on Public Finance within the Framework of Kitāb al-Amwāl
Authors: Ağa, Serkan;

İbn Zencûye'nin Kitâbü'l-Emvâl'i Çerçevesinde Kamu Maliyesine Dair Görüşleri

Abstract

Following the establishment of a city-state in Madina by the Prophet Mohammad, efforts were made to establish a public finance policy based on an interest-free economy with a focus on social justice and labor. While some scholars wrote independent works on Islamic public finance, others devoted a chapter to public finance in classical fiqh books. These works dealt with the revenues and expenditures of the state as public finance. The revenues and expenditures of the state comprised of the tribute and jizya taxes levied on non-Muslims, war revenues such as khums, revenues from land allocations, zakāh revenues received from Muslims, and the places where these revenues were spent. One of the works written independently in the field of public finance in the early period is Ibn Zanjūya’s Kitāb al-Amwāl. Ibn Zanjūya, who lived between 180/796-251/865, narrated the practices of the Prophet, especially the practices of Hazrat ʿUmar (d. 23/644) and ʿUmar b. ‘Abd al-‘Aziz (d. 101/720), as well as public finance issues and the various opinions on these matters. Ibn Zanjūya’s work represents one of the most comprehensive compilations of hadiths in the field of public finance and economics. It also encompasses the views and approaches of the tābiʿīn, tabiʿū al-tābiʿīn and the scholars preceding him. This study will commence with an examination of Ibn Zanjūya’s biography, his Kitāb al-Amwāl, followed by an analysis of his perspectives on public finance within the context of his Kitāb al-Amwāl.

Öz: Hz. Peygamber’in Medine’de şehir devleti kurmasıyla beraber sosyal adalete ve emeğe dayanan faizsiz bir ekonomi temelli kamu maliye politikası oluşturulmaya çalışılmıştır. Bazı âlimler İslâm kamu maliyesi ile ilgili olarak müstakil eserler kaleme alırken, bazıları ise klasik fıkıh kitaplarında kamu maliyesine bir bölüm ayırmışlardır. Bu eserlerde kamu maliyesi olarak devletin gelirleri ve giderleri ele alınmıştır. Devletin gelir ve giderleri olarak gayrimüslimlerden alınan harâç ve cizye vergileri, humus gibi savaş gelirleri, ihyâ ve iktâ edilen arazi tahsisleri gelirleri, Müslümanlardan alınan zekât gelirleri ve bu gelirlerin harcandığı yerlerden oluşmaktadır. İlk dönem kamu maliyesi alanında müstakil olarak yazılan eserlerden biri de İbn Zencûye’nin Kitâbü’l-Emvâl’idir. 180/796-251/865 yılları arasında yaşamış olan İbn Zencûye Hz. Peygamber’in uygulamaları başta olmak üzere özellikle Hz. Ömer (öl. 23/644) ve Ömer b. Abdülazîz (öl. 101/720) dönemindeki uygulamaları, kamu maliyesi konularını ve bu konulardaki benzer ve farklı görüşleri nakletmiştir. İbn Zencûye’nin eseri kamu maliyesi ve iktisat alanındaki hadisleri, tabiin, tebe-i tabiin ve kendisinden önceki âlimlerin görüş ve yaklaşımlarını bize ulaştıran en zengin derlemelerden biridir. Biz de bu çalışmamızda ilk olarak İbn Zencûye’nin biyografisini, Kitâbü’l-Emvâl’i, daha sonra da İbn Zencûye’nin Kitâbü’l-Emvâl’i çerçevesinde kamu maliyesine dair görüşlerini ele almaya çalışacağız.

Keywords

Maliye, Kamu, İbn Zencûye, Kitâbü'l-Emvâl, Kamu Maliyesi, Harâç Cizye

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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