A recent dendroecological study, carried out on silverfir and beech mixed forests at two sites in Southern Apennines (Italy), showed interesting differential species-specific responses to climate. In particular, a strong influence on tree radial growth was exerted by the precipitation: summer drought stress was the main limiting factor for both species, however silver fir seems less vulnerable, possibly due to more effective drought avoidance mechanisms. These results might help defining conceptual models for ecosystem’s response strategy at changing environmental conditions, and suggesting directions for further research on the effects of climate change on mountain forests in the Mediterranean region.