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MICROPROPAGACIÓN CLONAL IN VITRO EN EUCALYPTUS GRANDIS Y E. UROPHYLLA

Authors: Rosa Martínez-Ruiz; Hilda S. Azpíroz-Rivero; José Luis Rodríguez-De la O; Víctor M. Cetina-Alcalá; M. A. Gutiérrez-Espinosa; Jaime Sahagún-Castellanos;

MICROPROPAGACIÓN CLONAL IN VITRO EN EUCALYPTUS GRANDIS Y E. UROPHYLLA

Abstract

El árbol de eucalipto (E. urophylla y E. grandis) es un recurso importante, debido a su aprovechamiento industrial en la obtención de celulosa y hemicelulosa para la fabricación de papel en varias partes del mundo en general y en particular en el sureste de México. Varios alcances biotecnológicos han sido desarrollados para solucionar las dificultades de variabilidad genética en propagación por semilla que presentan las especies de eucalipto. Para ello, resulta necesario el estudio de diversas estrategias de micropropagación que permitan la obtención y multiplicación de clones de eucalipto. Por lo que el objetivo de este trabajo fue establecer la tecnología para la micropropagación clonal in vitro de genotipos seleccionados, con el fin de obtener plantas de alta calidad destinadas a las plantaciones o a huertos clonales en el sureste de México. Para el establecimiento de los explantes a condiciones in vitro se evaluaron tiempos de desinfestación de los explantes, realizando la combinación de tres niveles de desinfección con antibiótico (terramicina 40 mg/l00 ml) y con fungicida (cuprimicin 150 mg/100 ml) a 0, 10 y 30 minutos. Obteniéndose hasta un 90 % de cultivos libres de contaminación. Además se evaluó la multiplicación de brotes, la formación de callo y enraizamiento para ambas especies, combinando tres niveles de benziladenina (0.0, 1.0 y 3.0 mg L-1) y de ácido naftalen acético (0.0, 1.0 y 3.0 mg L-1) en un medio de cultivo Gamborg B5. Se obtuvo hasta 9 brotes por explante cultivados y una media de 5.5 raíces por explante, combinando 3 mg L-1 de benziladenina y 1.0 y 3.0 mg L-1 de ácido naftalen acético. Los protocolos para aclimatación de plantas fueron también establecidos.

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Keywords

Eucalyptus grandis, propagación in vitro, Multidisciplinarias (Ciencias Sociales), Eucalipto, organogénesis, embriogénesis, aclimatación, E. urophylla

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    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
2
Average
Average
Average
Green
gold