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Minimally Invasive Laser Procedures for Surgical Treatment of Pilonidal Cyst

Малоинвазивные лазерные вмешательства в хирургическом лечении пилонидальной кисты

Minimally Invasive Laser Procedures for Surgical Treatment of Pilonidal Cyst

Abstract

Цель. Изучить послеоперационные результаты малоинвазивных лазерных операций при пилонидальных кистах и провести их сравнительную оценку с результатами традиционных хирургических методов лечения.Материалы и методы. В исследование вошли 106 пациентов с хроническим и 60 пациентов с острым воспалением пилонидальной кисты, которые были слепо распределены – по две равные группы методом простой рандомизации. Пациентам группы А выполняли лазерную коагуляцию и кюретаж пилонидальной кисты, в группе B – иссечение кисты, в группе С – чрезраневую лазерную коагуляцию, в группе D – простую санацию абсцесса. Применялось лазерное излучение диодного аппарата с длиной волны 1,56 мкм, мощностью 10–15 Вт.Результаты. Вероятность рецидива заболевания через 1 год после лазерной коагуляции и кюретажа пилонидальной кисты – 5,67%. Достоверные преимущества перед методом иссечения кисты были выявлены по показателям уровня болевого синдрома, частоты раневой инфекции, длительности лечения, срокам эпителизации послеоперационных ран (p<0,05, Mann – Whitney U-test, Chi-Square). При эхоскопии через год после малоинвазивных операций достоверно реже наблюдались инфильтративные изменения мягких тканей в зоне послеоперационного рубца, а также рубцовые деформации межъягодичной складки (Chi-Square (df=1) p=0,00001, p=0,0062).Средние сроки заживления ран в группах С и D оказались сопоставимы (p=0,8054, z=–0,3458 Mann – Whitney U-test). У 10% пациентов в группе D через месяц выявлен вторичный свищ, что позднее потребовало иссечения кисты. Выявлены преимущества чрезраневой лазерной коагуляции по частоте ремиссии заболевания через 1 год после начала лечения (p=0,0122, Chi-square с поправкой Yates). При морфометрии, эхоскопии через год наличие инфильтрата без жидкостных структур и воспаления в группе С было выявлено в 6,67% наблюдений, в группе D – в 22,5%.Заключение. Методы лазерной коагуляции с кюретажем пилонидальной кисты и чрезраневой лазерной коагуляции обладают рядом преимуществ по сравнению с традиционными вмешательствами. Они могут стать альтернативными вариантами лечения хронического и острого воспаления пилонидальной кисты в условиях «хирургии одного дня». Purpose. To study the postoperative results of minimally invasive laser operations in pilonidal cysts and conduct its comparative assessment with the results of traditional surgical treatments.Materials and methods. The study included 106 patients with chronic and 60 patients with acute inflammation of pilonidal sinus who were blindly distributed – into two equal groups by simple randomization. Patients of group A underwent laser coagulation and curettage of the pilonidal sinus, in group B – sinus excision, in group C – laser coagulation through a wound, in group D – simple incision of the abscess. Laser radiation of a diode apparatus with a wavelength of 1.56 microns with a power of 10–15 W was used.Results. The recurrence rate of the disease 1 year follow-up after laser coagulation and curettage of the pilonidal sinus is 5.67%. Significant advantages over the method of sinus excision were revealed by indicators of the level of pain syndrome, the frequency of wound infection, the duration of treatment, the timing of postoperative wounds healing (p<0.05, Mann – Whitney U-test, Chi-Square). During ultrasound, a year after minimally invasive operations, infiltrative changes of tissues in the postoperative zone were significantly less common, as well as scar deformities of the intergluteal area (Chi-Square (df=1) p=0.00001, p=0.0062).Median wound healing times in groups C and D were comparable (p=0.8054, z=–0.3458 Mann – Whitney U-test). In 10% of patients in group D, a secondary fistula was detected after a month, which later required a sinus excision. The benefits of laser coagulation through a wound by disease remission rate 1 year after start of treatment (p=0.0122, Yates corrected Chi-square) were identified. In dimension measurement, ultrasound after a year, the presence of infiltrate without fluid structures and inflammation in group C was detected in 6.67% of patients, in group D – in 22.5%.Сonclusion. The laser coagulation with pilonidal sinus curettage method and laser coagulation through a wound has a number of advantages over the traditional operations. The methods can become one of the alternative options for treating chronic and acute pilonidal sinus in regimen of "one-day surgery".

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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