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Pathogens
Article . 2020 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
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Pathogens
Article
License: CC BY
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PubMed Central
Article . 2020
Data sources: PubMed Central
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Pathogens
Article . 2020
Data sources: DOAJ
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Occurrence of Blastocystis in Patients with Clostridioides difficile Infection

Authors: Laura Vega; Giovanny Herrera; Marina Muñoz; Manuel Alfonso Patarroyo; Juan David Ramírez;

Occurrence of Blastocystis in Patients with Clostridioides difficile Infection

Abstract

Clostridiodes difficile comprises a public-health threat that has been understudied in Colombia. Hypervirulent strains of C. difficile harbor multiple toxins, can be easily spread, and can have their onset of disease within healthcare facilities (HCFO) and the community (CO). Studies have shown that a disrupted microbiota (e.g., dysbiosis) may allow C. difficile infection (CDI). It has been suggested that dysbiosis prevents colonization by the anaerobic eukaryote Blastocystis, possibly due to an increase in luminal oxygen tension. No study has found co-occurrence of CDI and Blastocystis. Therefore, we aimed to determine the frequencies of C. difficile and Blastocystis infection/colonization in 220 diarrheal fecal samples. Molecular detection by PCR for both microorganisms was performed, with descriptive analyses of four variables (CDI detection, determination of C. difficile toxigenic profiles, Blastocystis detection, and patient site of onset). We demonstrate a significant association between the presence of Blastocystis and CDI, with coinfection found in 61 patients, and show a high frequency of CDI among both HCFO and CO groups. Our results of coinfection frequencies could support hypotheses that suggest Blastocystis can adapt to dysbiosis and oxidative stress. Further, the presence of toxigenic C. difficile occurring outside healthcare facilities shown here raises the alarm for community wide spread.

Keywords

Adult, Diarrhea, Male, Dna extraction, Rna 16s, Major clinical study, Article, community onset, <i>Blastocystis</i>, Glutamate dehydrogenase, C, Clostridium difficile infection, Prevalence, Mixed infection, Gene amplification, Diagnostic test accuracy study, Communication, Difficile, R, Healthcare facility onset, <i>C. difficile</i>, dysbiosis, Polymerase chain reaction, Hospitalization, healthcare facility onset, Oxidative stress, toxigenic <i>C. difficile</i>, Blastocystis, Dysbiosis, Medicine, Female, Genetic variability, Risk factor, Toxigenic c, Community onset, Controlled study, Human

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    influence
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    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
14
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
Green
gold