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Effects of GH/IGF on the Aging Mitochondria
Copyright policy )The mitochondria are key organelles regulating vital processes in the eukaryote cell. A decline in mitochondrial function is one of the hallmarks of aging. Growth hormone (GH) and the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) are somatotropic hormones that regulate cellular homeostasis and play significant roles in cell differentiation, function, and survival. In mammals, these hormones peak during puberty and decline gradually during adulthood and aging. Here, we review the evidence that GH and IGF-1 regulate mitochondrial mass and function and contribute to specific processes of cellular aging. Specifically, we discuss the contribution of GH and IGF-1 to mitochondrial biogenesis, respiration and ATP production, oxidative stress, senescence, and apoptosis. Particular emphasis was placed on how these pathways intersect during aging.
Library of Congress Subject Headings: lcsh:Biology (General) lcsh:QH301-705.5
Microsoft Academic Graph classification: Mitochondrion Mitochondrial biogenesis Cellular homeostasis Cell biology Somatotropic cell Biology Hormone Cell medicine.anatomical_structure medicine Senescence Oxidative stress medicine.disease_cause
mitochondria, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1, aging, oxidative stress, senescence, Animals, Humans, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Organelle Biogenesis, Review, General Medicine
mitochondria, growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-1, aging, oxidative stress, senescence, Animals, Humans, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, Organelle Biogenesis, Review, General Medicine
Library of Congress Subject Headings: lcsh:Biology (General) lcsh:QH301-705.5
Microsoft Academic Graph classification: Mitochondrion Mitochondrial biogenesis Cellular homeostasis Cell biology Somatotropic cell Biology Hormone Cell medicine.anatomical_structure medicine Senescence Oxidative stress medicine.disease_cause
- New York University United States
- Tel Aviv University Israel
- New York University United States
- Tel Aviv University Israel
The mitochondria are key organelles regulating vital processes in the eukaryote cell. A decline in mitochondrial function is one of the hallmarks of aging. Growth hormone (GH) and the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) are somatotropic hormones that regulate cellular homeostasis and play significant roles in cell differentiation, function, and survival. In mammals, these hormones peak during puberty and decline gradually during adulthood and aging. Here, we review the evidence that GH and IGF-1 regulate mitochondrial mass and function and contribute to specific processes of cellular aging. Specifically, we discuss the contribution of GH and IGF-1 to mitochondrial biogenesis, respiration and ATP production, oxidative stress, senescence, and apoptosis. Particular emphasis was placed on how these pathways intersect during aging.