The Austrian District of Burgenland is located in the eastern part of the country. In the last decade, the region has benefited from different subsidy programs from the European Union. The aim of this paper is to analyze and evaluate the export competitiveness of Burgenland in relation to the foreign trade of Austria as a whole from 2010 to 2014, which is the period showing the highest increase in exports since the Iron Curtain fell. The Revealed Comparative Advantage index (RCA) was used to determine the development of the region’s exports. The RCA index is used in international economics for calculating the relative advantage or disadvantage of a certain country in a certain class of goods or services. The findings show that Burgenland has important exports of agricultural products and that economic relationships with neighbouring countries are deepening. This study is an important contribution towards demonstrating the development of former Objective 1 area countries in the European Union.