In the last four decades of reform, China’s economy has achieved historic success, propelled by rapid industrialization. However, this growth has adversely affected the environment. Addressing this, China is actively pursuing a balanced model of development that harmonizes economic and environmental interests. This study adopts transdisciplinary engineering approach. We first construct the green technology innovation efficiency indicators based on literature review and then adopt the super-efficiency SBM-DEA model considering undesirable outputs to measure the industrial green technology innovation efficiency values of 30 provincial administrative regions in China from 2008 to 2020. Sub-regionally, the eastern, central, and western areas differ significantly from one another; developed coastal provinces and certain central and western provinces have greater levels of efficiency.