*Corresponding author This paper summarizes our recent research on the relationship between tectonics of the mantle lithosphere and of the upper crust in the western Bohemian Massif. The rejuvenated Variscan junction of three mantle domains, the Saxothuringian, Moldanubian and Tepla–Barrandian, delimited by different orientation of seismic anisotropy reflecting a consistent fossil olivine orientation and belonging to originally separated microplates, plays important role in the crustal architecture of the region. The crust above the mantle junction is the most active part of the BM characterized by periodic earthquake swarms and mofettes emitting gases of mantle origin. Detected offsets of surface boundaries of the three units from their mantle counterparts indicate a detachment of the rigid upper crust from the mantle lithosphere. Locations of major tectonic features like the Ohře (Eger) Rift, the West Bohemian Shear Zone and the Marianske Lazně Fault were probably predisposed by the boundaries of the mantle lithosphere domains. We have suggested that the sublithospheric mantle of the western BM acted as a major provider for heat and partial melts and the Variscan mantle boundaries served as magma conduits for the late-orogenic granitic magmatism and, after their rejuvenation, also for the Cenozoic volcanism. Similarly, the boundaries may have pre-determined the subsequent locations of sedimentary basins. It is possible that also in other regions some of these so called intra-plate phenomena can be related to partly healed up and later rejuvenated microplate boundaries. List of abbreviations: BM – Bohemian Massif, BOHEMA – International project “BOhemian Massif HEterogeneity and Anisotropy”, BP – Bor Pluton, CHB – Cheb Basin, DEKORP Deutsches Kontinentales Reflexionsseismisches Programm, DP – Doupovske hory Mts., DU – Dyleň Unit, ECC – Erzgebirge (Krusne hory) Crystalline Complex, ECRIS – European Cenozoic Rift System, ER – Ohře (Eger) Rift, HSU – Horni Slavkov Unit, KH – Komorni Hůrka, KHF – Krusne Hory (Erzgebirge) Fault, KU – Kladska Unit, KVP – Karlovy Vary Pluton, MD – Moldanubian Unit, MLC – Marianske Lazně Complex, MLF – Marianske Lazně Fault, PF – Plesna Fault, SB – Sokolov Basin, SP – Smrciny (Fichtelgebirge) Pluton, ST – Saxothuringian Unit, T-junction – “triple” junction of the ST/TB/MD mantle lithospheres, TB – Tepla–Barrandian Unit, TCC – Tepla Crystalline Complex, TP – Tirschenreuth Pluton, WBSZ – West Bohemian Shear Zone, ZEV – Zone of Erbendorf–Vohenstrauss, ZH – Železna Hůrka, ŽP – Žandov (also Lesný–Lysina or Kynžvart) Pluton.