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Zeitschrift der Gesellschaft für Musiktheorie
Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
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Zoltán Kodálys Harmonielehre – ein Rekonstruktionsversuch

Authors: Dalos, Anna;

Zoltán Kodálys Harmonielehre – ein Rekonstruktionsversuch

Abstract

Im Jahr 1907 begann Zoltán Kodály im Alter von 25 Jahren an der Budapester Musikakademie Musiktheorie und Komposition zu unterrichten. Bis zu seiner Pensionierung 1942 führte er mehrere Generationen ungarischer Komponist*innen, Musiktheoretiker*innen und Musikwissenschaftler*innen in die Fächer Formenlehre, Kontrapunkt und Harmonielehre ein. Der vorliegende Beitrag versucht, unter Hinzuziehung aktuell verfügbarer Quellen zu Kodálys Harmonik, die Prinzipien seiner harmonischen Theorie und einige Grundzüge seines Denkens neu zu beleuchten und zu rekonstruieren. Die Quelleninterpretation leitet der Grundsatz, dass die Unterrichtskonzepte von Komponistinnen und Komponisten, die das Fach Komposition lehren, nicht nur ihre Didaktik, sondern ihre Vorstellungen von Komposition repräsentieren. Beide Annäherungen – die praktisch-pädagogische und die ideologisch-kompositorische – sind kaum zu trennen. Wenn es gelingt aufzudecken, welche theoretischen Konzepte das harmonische Denken Kodálys bestimmt haben – und zwar auf Basis der unmittelbaren Dokumente seiner Lehre wie seiner Harmonielehre-Vorlesungen und der Mitschriften und Dokumentationen seiner Studierenden –, kann dies weitere Zugänge zu Kodálys Komponieren eröffnen. Trotz der Vielfalt der verwendeten Quellen – Unterrichtsnotizen, theoretische Arbeiten seiner Schüler, Schriften, die sich in Kodálys Privatbibliothek befanden und die die Spuren von intensiver Beschäftigung tragen – muss hier allerdings hervorgehoben werden, dass Kodálys Harmonielehre nur bruchstückhaft explizit gemacht werden kann, da er, anders als Arnold Schönberg, seine Theorie nie in Buchform festhielt. Dieser Aufsatz stellt daher den Versuch einer fragmentarischen Rekonstruktion dar und gewährt zudem Einblicke in die Geschichte des harmonischen Denkens in der ungarischen Musiktheorie des frühen 20. Jahrhunderts. Der Beitrag spart die Harmonik in Kodálys Kompositionen bewusst aus, da dies einen eigenständigen Aufsatz erfordern würde. In 1907, at the age of 25, Zoltán Kodály began teaching music theory and composition at the Budapest Academy of Music. Until his retirement in 1942, he introduced several generations of Hungarian composers, music theorists and musicologists to the subjects of musical form, counterpoint and harmony. The present article attempts, with the help of currently available sources on Kodályʼs harmony, to shed new light on and reconstruct the principles of his harmonic theory and some basic features of his thought. The source interpretation is guided by the idea that the teaching concepts of composers represent not only their didactics, but also their conceptions of composition. Both approaches – the practical pedagogical and the ideological compositional – can hardly be separated. If it is possible to uncover which theoretical concepts determined Kodályʼs harmonic thinking – based on the original documents of his teaching such as his harmony lectures and the transcripts and papers of his students – this can open up further approaches to Kodályʼs composing. Despite the variety of sources used – teaching notes, theoretical works by his students, writings that were in Kodályʼs private library and bear the traces of intensive study – it must be emphasized here, however, that Kodályʼs harmony theory can only be made explicit in a fragmentary way, since, unlike Arnold Schoenberg, he never recorded his theory in book form. This paper therefore represents an attempt at a fragmentary reconstruction and also provides insight into the history of harmonic thought in early 20th century Hungarian music theory. The paper deliberately omits harmony in Kodályʼs compositions, as this would require a separate essay.

Country
Austria
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Keywords

zoltán kodály, irma bors, didaktik der harmonielehre, didactics of harmony, Music and books on Music, Ernst Kurth; Ernő Lendvai; Didaktik der Harmonielehre; didactics of harmony; Zoltán Kodály; Antal Molnár; Irma Bors, ernst kurth, ernő lendvai, M, antal molnár

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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