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Turkish Academic Research Review
Article . 2021 . Peer-reviewed
Data sources: Crossref
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Turkish Academic Research Review
Article . 2021
Data sources: DOAJ
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Osmanlı Medrese Müfredatında Felsefe Kaldırıldı mı?

Authors: Ali Bakkal;

Osmanlı Medrese Müfredatında Felsefe Kaldırıldı mı?

Abstract

On yedinci yüzyılın çok yönlü Osmanlı bilgini Taşköprîzâde Kâtip Çelebi Keşfü’z-zunûn ve Mîzânü’l-hak isimli eserlerinde Fatih Sultan Mehmed’in yaptırdığı Semâniye medreselerinde aslında birer kelâm kitabı olan Haşiye-i Tecrîd ve Şerh-i Mevâkıf adlı eserlerin okutulmasını istediğini, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman zamanına kadar medreselerde müderrislik yapacak olan kişilerin aklî ve naklî ilimlerdeki bilgisi derecesine göre seçildiğini, Kanuni’den sonra ilimlerde duraklama dönemine girildiğini, sonradan gelenlerin “bu dersler felsefiyattır” diyerek Haşiye-i Tecrîd ve Şerh-i Mevâkıf derslerinin kaldırıldığını, bunların yerine fıkıhtan Hidâye ve Ekmel derslerinin okutulmaya devam ettiğini, bu sırada Şeyhülislâm’lardan birinin hikmetin okutulmasını yasakladığını, bundan sonra pek azı dışında felsefî ilimlerin söndüğünü iddia etmiştir. Bu çalışmada Çelebi’nin bu iddialarının çoğunun doğru olmadığı, söz konusu kelam eserlerinin medreselerin kapatılmasına kadar okutulmaya devam ettiği, felsefenin medrese müfredatından çıkarıldığına dair bir fetvanın bulunmadığı, herhangi bir Şeyhülislam’ın da bu hususta bir fetvasına rastlanmadığı, bununla birlikte on altıncı yüzyıldan itibaren sadece felsefede değil, bütün bilim dallarında bir duraklamanın, hatta bir gerilemenin meydana geldiği ortaya konulmuştur.

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Keywords

Social sciences (General), H1-99

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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Average
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