On the 125th anniversary of the discovery of radioactivity: history of development and current state of regulation of the provision of the radiation safety of the public

This paper is focused on the history of development and current state of regulation of the provision of radiation safety of the public. It includes data on the history of discovery of the X-rays, radioactivity and development of the atomic industry in the USSR and in the world as well as the issues of evaluation of the radiobiological effects of the ionizing radiation on the human and history of the development of regulations. It is indicated, that the principles of the radiation safety, norms and approaches to the provision of the radiation protection presented in the Federal state Law № 3-FZ “On the radiation safety of the public” and NRB 99/2009 fully comply with the ICRP Publication 60 (1990) and International Basic Safety Standard (IAEA, 1997). For decades, FZ-3 and NRB 99/2009 have allowed provisioning the high level of radiation safety of the personnel and the public.