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Do Remittances Mitigate COVID-19 Employment Shock on Food Insecurity? Evidence from Nigeria
Do Remittances Mitigate COVID-19 Employment Shock on Food Insecurity? Evidence from Nigeria
The objective of this paper is to assess the mitigating role of remittances during the adverse COVID-19 employment shock on Nigeriai¯s food insecurity. Based on pre-COVID-19 and postCOVID-19 surveys, we use a difference-in-difference approach while controlling for the time and household fixed effects. Results indicate that remittances are mitigating the negative consequences of COVID-19 employment shocks, especially in the short run. We find that 100% of the deterioration in food insecurity, owing to the shock, is offset by the remittances received. While the adverse effects of the shock persist over time, the mitigation effect of remittances appears to be effective only at the early stages of the pandemic, however. Furthermore, the mitigation effect of remittances seems heterogeneous regarding the origin of remittances, residence area, and poverty status. The mitigation effect of remittances is higher for remittances from abroad than for Domestic ones. We also find a higher mitigating effect of remittances in the rural area and for non-poor households. Finally, our results shed light on the capital channel as a crucial mechanism explaining the mitigation effect of remittances. Notably, findings suggest that formal financial inclusion, capital ownership like livestock or rental earnings, amplifies the attenuating effect of remittances.
- Université Paris Diderot France
Microsoft Academic Graph classification: Renting Economics Financial inclusion Short run Earnings business.industry Shock (economics) Capital (economics) Demographic economics Residence Rural area business
History, Polymers and Plastics, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Business and International Management, [MATH]Mathematics [math], COVID-19, Shock, [STAT]Statistics [stat], Food Insecurity, Remittances, Africa
History, Polymers and Plastics, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, Business and International Management, [MATH]Mathematics [math], COVID-19, Shock, [STAT]Statistics [stat], Food Insecurity, Remittances, Africa
Microsoft Academic Graph classification: Renting Economics Financial inclusion Short run Earnings business.industry Shock (economics) Capital (economics) Demographic economics Residence Rural area business
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- Université Paris Diderot France
The objective of this paper is to assess the mitigating role of remittances during the adverse COVID-19 employment shock on Nigeriai¯s food insecurity. Based on pre-COVID-19 and postCOVID-19 surveys, we use a difference-in-difference approach while controlling for the time and household fixed effects. Results indicate that remittances are mitigating the negative consequences of COVID-19 employment shocks, especially in the short run. We find that 100% of the deterioration in food insecurity, owing to the shock, is offset by the remittances received. While the adverse effects of the shock persist over time, the mitigation effect of remittances appears to be effective only at the early stages of the pandemic, however. Furthermore, the mitigation effect of remittances seems heterogeneous regarding the origin of remittances, residence area, and poverty status. The mitigation effect of remittances is higher for remittances from abroad than for Domestic ones. We also find a higher mitigating effect of remittances in the rural area and for non-poor households. Finally, our results shed light on the capital channel as a crucial mechanism explaining the mitigation effect of remittances. Notably, findings suggest that formal financial inclusion, capital ownership like livestock or rental earnings, amplifies the attenuating effect of remittances.