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Agrobiodiversity, Rural Transformations and Household Experiences of Globalised Change: A Case Study from Southern Bolivia
Copyright policy )Agrobiodiversity, Rural Transformations and Household Experiences of Globalised Change: A Case Study from Southern Bolivia
This paper examines reconfigurations of household economies and agrobiodiversity through the experiences and responses of rural households to local manifestations of globalisation and environmental change in the Central Valley of Tarija, Bolivia, from the 1950s to the present. Research participant narratives from seven study communities document a widely experienced regional shift from rain-fed agriculture and pastured livestock production for household consumption to market-oriented production of regionally-specialised commodities. Particularly important to this reconfiguration are changing land access and use regimes, household responses to changing opportunities, discourses and social requirements related with ‘modernising lifestyles’, market integration and dependence, changing environmental and ecological conditions, and greater availability of consumer goods and technologies. We analyse how these processes have combined to reconfigure the range of livelihood possibilities available to rural households, or their ‘landscapes of possibility’, in ways that favour transition to specialised commodity production. Patterns of change in household agrobiodiversity use, however, are entwined with threads of persistence, underscoring the contingent nature of rural transitions and the role of local agency and creativity in responding to and sometimes shaping how globalisation unfolds. Examining rural transition through the experiences of households in particular contexts over time offers insights for development policy and practice to support producers’ ability to respond to globalisation and environmental change in ways they see as desirable and beneficial to their livelihoods and wellbeing.
- University of Manitoba Canada
Microsoft Academic Graph classification: Market integration Economic growth Environmental change Globalization Research participant Agency (sociology) Consumption (economics) Livelihood Geography Agricultural biodiversity
Library of Congress Subject Headings: lcsh:G1-922 lcsh:Geography (General)
Bolivia, History, Geography, Planning and Development, Globalised change, Landscapes of possibility, Rural development, rural history, political ecology, Rural household economies, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Agrobiodiversity; Bolivia; Globalised change; Landscapes of possibility; Rural household economies; Rural transformations, Agrobiodiversity, Rural transformations
Bolivia, History, Geography, Planning and Development, Globalised change, Landscapes of possibility, Rural development, rural history, political ecology, Rural household economies, Nature and Landscape Conservation, Agrobiodiversity; Bolivia; Globalised change; Landscapes of possibility; Rural household economies; Rural transformations, Agrobiodiversity, Rural transformations
Microsoft Academic Graph classification: Market integration Economic growth Environmental change Globalization Research participant Agency (sociology) Consumption (economics) Livelihood Geography Agricultural biodiversity
Library of Congress Subject Headings: lcsh:G1-922 lcsh:Geography (General)
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26 This database can be accessed through the Service's website: http://www.senamhi.gob.bo/sismet/index. php.
27 Although change in total annual precipitation is statistically significant, the low R-squared suggests change in precipitation days per year is a more important variable.
28 For further discussion on the limits of agricultural production in other parts of Tarija see Gallegos (2012), Martin (2012), Ministerio de Desarrollo (2004) and Preston and Punch (2001).
29 A notable exception is Moscatel de Alejandía, an old grape variety, accounting for 42% of the area under grape production (FAUTAPO, 2010, p. 14).
30 However, trucking is not an option for everyone. Manuel in La Compañía reported the requirement for trucking livestock as one of the reasons he no longer maintains a goat herd: 'We stopped because there isn't space to have them and because they like open space. We would have to take them to the campo and then collect them. We would have to bring them in a vehicle like that.'
31 While some fairs focus explicitly on traditional crops, livestock and related products, others promote new forms of production and modernist ideals of efficiency. For example, an annual fair in El Rancho, just south of Villa San Lorenzo, celebrates the growth of the local dairy industry through prizes for the highest producing Holstein dairy cows, among similar competitions (Field notes 05/05/2013, 05/15/2013).
32 The role of such tipping points in perpetuating the consolidation of agricultural intensification as a dominant regional development pathway has also been documented by Zimmerer, Carney and Vanek (2015).
The authors have no competing interests to declare. Nature (pp. 19-31). Gland, Switzerland: IUCN. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.CH.2016.05.en
Akram-Lodhi, A. H., & Kay, C. (2009). Peasants and Glo- Press 2017). The creativity of everyday life in craftbalization: Political Economy, Rural Transformation ing resilient rural food systems: An example from and the Agrarian Question. New York, New York: the Atlantic Forest Coast of Brazil. Human Ecology. Routledge. El Diario. (2015, May 3). Productores piden construcción
Arze Cuadros, E. (2002). Bolivia, el programa del de cámara para conservar uva. El Diari Nacional, MNR y la revolución nacional: del movimiento de p. 2. La Paz, Bolivia. reforma universtaria al ocaso del modelo neoliberal FAO. (2013). International Year of Family Farming 2014 (1928-2002). Bolivia: Plural editores. Master Plan (final version) . FAO. Retrieved from:
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- Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC)
- University of Manitoba Canada
This paper examines reconfigurations of household economies and agrobiodiversity through the experiences and responses of rural households to local manifestations of globalisation and environmental change in the Central Valley of Tarija, Bolivia, from the 1950s to the present. Research participant narratives from seven study communities document a widely experienced regional shift from rain-fed agriculture and pastured livestock production for household consumption to market-oriented production of regionally-specialised commodities. Particularly important to this reconfiguration are changing land access and use regimes, household responses to changing opportunities, discourses and social requirements related with ‘modernising lifestyles’, market integration and dependence, changing environmental and ecological conditions, and greater availability of consumer goods and technologies. We analyse how these processes have combined to reconfigure the range of livelihood possibilities available to rural households, or their ‘landscapes of possibility’, in ways that favour transition to specialised commodity production. Patterns of change in household agrobiodiversity use, however, are entwined with threads of persistence, underscoring the contingent nature of rural transitions and the role of local agency and creativity in responding to and sometimes shaping how globalisation unfolds. Examining rural transition through the experiences of households in particular contexts over time offers insights for development policy and practice to support producers’ ability to respond to globalisation and environmental change in ways they see as desirable and beneficial to their livelihoods and wellbeing.