The progress of the Natural Sciences at the dawn of the 19th century was decisive in the metaphysical debates between philosophers, as well as in literary circles around Europe. Driven by the breakthroughs in Biology, Chemistry, and Physiology, Medicine became an essential source of influence in philosophical research. The purpose of this paper is twofold: on the one hand, it will attempt to demonstrate the influence that Medicine had on the arguments advanced by a central philosopher during the 1800s, Arthur Schopenhauer, and, on the other hand, it will also trace such influence within Gothic fiction. The result will be a sober witness to the interdisciplinary nature of Philosophy, Medicine, and Literature.