Sil nexiste quun seul probleme intellectuel et culturel vraiment serieux concernant le capitalisme, cest celui du manque dune defense morale soutenue et largement connue, pour ne pas dire acceptee, de linstitution des droits de propriete privee.Il ny a pas de doute, dans le monde actuel, quune societe dotee dune infrastructure legale ou cette institution fait defaut connaisse un grave desordre economique. Le fait de ne pas respecter et proteger legalement linstitution de la propriete privee et ses corollaires, comme la liberte de contracter et de poser les termes par les parties en affaire a provoque les faiblesses economiques a travers le monde.Sans une defense morale, linstitution de la propriete privee, qui est la source de beaucoup d avantages pour nous tous, restera pour toujours vulnerable aux critiques, du style de celle de Karl Marx qui disait que le droit de lhomme a la propriete est le droit de jouir de ses possessions et den disposer arbitrairement, sans souci des autres hommes, independamment de la societe, le droit de legoisme.Cet essai proclame que contrairement aux sentiments et impressions repandus, linstitution des droits de propriete privee est en accord avec la conception pratique de la moralite humaine.If there is one really serious intellectual and cultural problem with capitalism it stems from the lack of a sustained and widely known, let alone accepted, moral defense of the institution of private property rights.Few doubt, in todays world, that a society with a legal infrastructure that lacks this institution is in serious economic trouble. The failure to respect and legally protect the institution of private property and its corollaries, such as freedom of contract and of setting the terms by the parties to trade has produced economic weakness across the globe.Without a moral defense, however, the institution of private property, which is the source of a great many benefits to us all, will forever remain vulnerable to the critics, such as Karl Marx who said that the right of man to property is the right to enjoy his possessions and dispose of the same arbitrarily, without regard for other men, independently from society, the right of selfishness.This essay argues that contrary to such widespread sentiments and impressions, the institution of private property rights fully accords with a sensible conception of human morality.