The author presents an evidence-based protocol for the diagnosis and treatment of incomplete tooth fractures. It is designed to help dentists recognize fractures, distinguish between restorable and nonrestorable fractures, and follow a rational approach to treatment.An incomplete tooth fracture is a frequently encountered problem that dentists need to assess carefully to arrive at the correct treatment decision. The author presents a review of representative literature corroborating the assertions made in the evidence-based protocol. Treatment approaches are presented for each of two major fracture types.Dentists need to be aware of the classic symptoms of incomplete tooth fracture, the methods used in formulating a differential diagnosis, criteria for determining pulpal status and restorability, iatrogenic factors involved in the etiology of incomplete fracture, and the consequences of inadequate diagnosis or treatment.