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Thesis . 2019
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Efecto del biocarbón, lombricompost y Robust® aplicados al suelo sobre el desarrollo y tolerancia del pepino (Cucumis sativus L.) a la mosca blanca (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) bajo condiciones de invernadero en Barva, Heredia..

Authors: Madriz-Martínez, Mairon;

Efecto del biocarbón, lombricompost y Robust® aplicados al suelo sobre el desarrollo y tolerancia del pepino (Cucumis sativus L.) a la mosca blanca (Bemisia tabaci Gennadius) bajo condiciones de invernadero en Barva, Heredia..

Abstract

Este estudio evaluó el efecto individual y combinado del biocarbón, lombricompost y Robust® (Pseudomonas fluorescens y Bacillus subtilis), sobre el desarrollo (crecimiento, producción de hojas, biomasa y concentraciones minerales en la parte aérea) en plantas de pepino (Cucumis sativus L) y la tolerancia a infestación de mosca blanca (Bemisia tabaci). Los tratamientos lombricompost-biocarbón y lombricompost aumentaron en más de 120cm la altura y en 53% el número de hojas de las plantas con respecto al testigo. Se encontró una interacción negativa al utilizar la combinación del biocarbón-Robust, debido a que inhibieron el crecimiento con 53cm y la producción de hojas con 55% menos que el testigo. Según mostraron los valores semanales del Índice Medio de Infestación (IMI) no hay efecto de tolerancia a la infestación de B. tabaci asociada a los tratamientos utilizados, ni para adultos ni para ninfas. La producción de biomasa del lombricompost-biocarbón y lombricompost, fueron superiores al testigo en más del 340% con 17,5 y 18 g/planta respectivamente. Los resultados encontrados en las concentraciones de minerales en la parte aérea de las plantas fueron muy variables y se vieron afectados por los materiales utilizados, la mayoría de los macrominerales presentarón valores óptimos. Se presentó bajo el nitrógeno (N) del tratamiento biocarbón-Robust; bajo el fósforo (P) del testigo; alto el potasio (K) de los tratamientos biocarbón-fertilización mineral, biocarbón-lombricompost y lombricompost; alto del azufre (S) de los tratamientos biocarbón y biocarbón-Robust. La concentración de los microminerales presentó un comportamiento poco homogéneo para cada uno de sus elementos, se obtuvieron niveles considerados altos para el cobre (Cu) y el hierro (Fe) en todos los tratamientos evaluados. El manganeso (Mn) presentó valores óptimos del testigo, fertilización mineral y biocarbón-f.mineral, los demás tratamientos mostraron concentraciones altas. En los tratamientos el zinc (Zn) presentó concrentaciones óptimas, a excepción del biocarbón con una concentración alta y para el boro (B) todos los tratamientos presentaron concentraciones óptimas.

Este estudo avaliou o efeito individual e combinado de biochar, vermicomposto e Robust® (Pseudomonas fluorescens e Bacillus subtilis), no desenvolvimento (crescimento, produção de folhas, biomassa e concentrações de minerais na parte aérea) em plantas de pepino (Cucumis sativus L.) e tolerância à infestação por mosca-branca (Bemisia tabaci). Os tratamentos vermicomposto-biochar e vermicomposto aumentaram a altura em mais de 120cm e o número de folhas das plantas em 53% em relação à testemunha. Uma interação negativa foi encontrada ao usar a combinação biochar-Robust, pois inibiram o crescimento com 53cm e a produção de folhas com 55% a menos que o controle. Conforme demonstrado pelos valores semanais do Índice Médio de Infestação (IMI), não há efeito da tolerância à infestação de B. tabaci associada aos tratamentos utilizados, nem para adultos, nem para ninfas. A produção de biomassa do vermicomposto-biochar e do vermicomposto foi maior do que o controle em mais de 340% com 17,5 e 18 g / planta, respectivamente. Os resultados encontrados nas concentrações de minerais na parte aérea das plantas foram bastante variáveis ​​e foram afetados pelos materiais utilizados, a maioria dos macrominerais apresentou valores ótimos. Foi apresentado sob o nitrogênio (N) do tratamento biochar-Robusto; baixo fósforo (P) do controle; alto potássio (K) de fertilização biochar-mineral, biochar-vermicomposto e tratamentos de vermicomposto; alto teor de enxofre (S) do biochar e tratamentos robustos em biochar. A concentração dos microminerais apresentou comportamento pouco homogêneo para cada um de seus elementos, teores considerados altos para cobre (Cu) e ferro (Fe) foram obtidos em todos os tratamentos avaliados. Manganês (Mn) apresentou valores ótimos de controle, fertilização mineral e biochar-mineral f., Os demais tratamentos apresentaram altas concentrações. Nos tratamentos, o zinco (Zn) apresentou concreções ótimas, com exceção do biochar com alta concentração e para o boro (B), todos os tratamentos apresentaram concentrações ótimas.

This study evaluated the individual and combined effect of biochar, vermicompost and Robust® (Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus subtilis), on development (growth, leaf production, biomass and mineral concentrations in the aerial part) in cucumber plants (Cucumis sativus L. ) and tolerance to whitefly infestation (Bemisia tabaci). The vermicompost-biochar and vermicompost treatments increased the height by more than 120cm and the number of leaves of the plants by 53% with respect to the control. A negative interaction was found when using the biochar-Robust combination, because they inhibited growth with 53cm and leaf production with 55% less than the control. As shown by the weekly values ​​of the Mean Infestation Index (IMI), there is no effect of tolerance to B. tabaci infestation associated with the treatments used, neither for adults nor for nymphs. The biomass production of the vermicompost-biochar and vermicompost were higher than the control by more than 340% with 17.5 and 18 g / plant respectively. The results found in the concentrations of minerals in the aerial part of the plants were highly variable and were affected by the materials used, most of the macrominerals presented optimal values. It was presented under the nitrogen (N) of the biochar-Robust treatment; low phosphorus (P) of the control; high potassium (K) from biochar-mineral fertilization, biochar-vermicompost and vermicompost treatments; high sulfur (S) of the biochar and biochar-Robust treatments. The concentration of the microminerals presented a not very homogeneous behavior for each of its elements, levels considered high for copper (Cu) and iron (Fe) were obtained in all the evaluated treatments. Manganese (Mn) presented optimal values ​​of the control, mineral fertilization and biochar-mineral f., The other treatments showed high concentrations. In the treatments, zinc (Zn) presented optimal concretions, with the exception of biochar with a high concentration and for boron (B), all treatments presented optimal concentrations.

Maestría en Agricultura Ecológica

Universidad Nacional, Costa Rica

Escuela de Ciencias Agrarias

Country
Costa Rica
Related Organizations
Keywords

COMPUESTOS ORGÁNICOS, PLAGAS DE LAS PLANTAS, ENFERMEDADES DE PLANTAS, COSTA RICA, PLANT PESTS, LOMBRICOMPOST, ORGANIC COMPOUNDS, BIOMASA, PLANT DISEASES, BIOMASS

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
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