The World Health Organization (WHO) hasn’t called the current monkeypox outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC), but as a worldwide epidemic, it is clearly an emerging pandemic. More than 12,556 monkeypox cases and three deaths have been reported in 68 countries since early May, and these numbers will rise rapidly with improved surveillance, access to diagnostics, and continuing global spread of infection. Although many tools are needed to control this unfolding pandemic, it’s clear that limiting ongoing spread will require a comprehensive international vaccination strategy and adequate supplies.