AbstractAimsTo identify and critically appraise the available evidence on the overall quality of professional life of primary care nurses worldwide and its main influencing factors.BackgroundQuality of professional life of healthcare workers is a keystone that influences the quality of healthcare services provided by healthcare organisations. Nurses have a key role as healthcare services providers given the growing shortage of doctors in primary care.DesignA systematic review design in accordance with the PRISMA statement.MethodsThe search was conducted through MEDLINE (PubMed), CINAHL, SCOPUS, Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and Web of Science databases. The grey literature was reviewed at OpenGrey. The search was limited to human studies published from April 2010–April 2020. No limit of original language publication was applied. Three independent reviewers analysed the methodological quality of the studies.ResultsTen studies were included from five countries. Five studies reported nurses were satisfied with their quality of professional life and the influencing factors identified were Workload, Job autonomy, Demographic variables, Management support, Recognition, Intrinsic motivation, Interpersonal relations, Compassion fatigue, Burnout, Turnover intention, and work was reported as a component of Quality of life.ConclusionPrimary healthcare nurses reported a high level of quality of professional life, but the scarce studies found do not provide solid consistency to assess the overall quality of professional life. Perception of high workload was the most frequently identified factor to negatively influence the quality of professional life of nurses.Relevance to clinical practiceQuality of professional life of primary care nurses is a key issue because of nurses’ important relation with patient's care and satisfaction. Healthcare organisations should strive to address primary care nurses’ quality of professional life to enhance their well‐being and consequently patients’ safety and high‐quality healthcare services.