Abstract This chapter presents the following insect and mite pests of peach: direct insect pests (Oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta; codling moth, Cydia pomonella; peach twig borer, Anarsia lineatella; tufted apple bud moth, Platynota idaeusalis; plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar; scarab beetles; plant bugs (Miridae); stink bugs (Pentatomidae); leaf-footed bugs (Coreidae); thrips (Thysanoptera); and Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata), indirect insect pests (peach tree borers, Synanthedon spp.; armoured scale (Diaspididae); and aphids, Aphididae) and mite pests (two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, and European red mite, Panonychus ulmi). The effects of these pests on crop growth and yield are discussed. The life history and management (mainly through pheromone mating disruption and chemical control methods) of these pests are covered.