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Journal of Biological Chemistry
Article . 2012 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
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Journal of Biological Chemistry
Article
License: CC BY
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PubMed Central
Other literature type . 2012
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Mechanisms of Unphosphorylated STAT3 Transcription Factor Binding to DNA

Authors: Timofeeva, Olga A.; Chasovskikh, Sergey; Lonskaya, Irina; Tarasova, Nadya I.; Khavrutskii, Lyuba; Tarasov, Sergey G.; Zhang, Xueping; +6 Authors

Mechanisms of Unphosphorylated STAT3 Transcription Factor Binding to DNA

Abstract

Phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) on a single tyrosine residue in response to growth factors, cytokines, interferons, and oncogenes activates its dimerization, translocation to the nucleus, binding to the interferon γ (gamma)-activated sequence (GAS) DNA-binding site and activation of transcription of target genes. STAT3 is constitutively phosphorylated in various cancers and drives gene expression from GAS-containing promoters to promote tumorigenesis. Recently, roles for unphosphorylated STAT3 (U-STAT3) have been described in response to cytokine stimulation, in cancers, and in maintenance of heterochromatin stability. However, the mechanisms underlying U-STAT3 binding to DNA has not been fully investigated. Here, we explore STAT3-DNA interactions by atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging. We observed that U-STAT3 molecules bind to the GAS DNA-binding site as dimers and monomers. In addition, we observed that U-STAT3 binds to AT-rich DNA sequence sites and recognizes specific DNA structures, such as 4-way junctions and DNA nodes, within negatively supercoiled plasmid DNA. These structures are important for chromatin organization and our data suggest a role for U-STAT3 as a chromatin/genome organizer. Unexpectedly, we found that a C-terminal truncated 67.5-kDa STAT3 isoform recognizes single-stranded spacers within cruciform structures that also have a role in chromatin organization and gene expression. This isoform appears to be abundant in the nuclei of cancer cells and, therefore, may have a role in regulation of gene expression. Taken together, our data highlight novel mechanisms by which U-STAT3 binds to DNA and supports U-STAT3 function as a transcriptional activator and a chromatin/genomic organizer.

Keywords

Male, STAT3 Transcription Factor, Binding Sites, DNA, Microscopy, Atomic Force, Chromatin, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Kinetics, Cell Line, Tumor, Humans, Protein Isoforms, Gene Regulation, Female, Phosphorylation, Plasmids, Protein Binding, Subcellular Fractions

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    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
111
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 1%
Green
gold