RIG-I-dependent sensing of poly(dA:dT) through the induction of an RNA polymerase III–transcribed RNA intermediate
Copyright policy )RIG-I-dependent sensing of poly(dA:dT) through the induction of an RNA polymerase III–transcribed RNA intermediate
RNA is sensed by Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and TLR8 or by the RNA helicases LGP2, Mda5 and RIG-I to trigger antiviral responses. Much less is known about sensors for DNA. Here we identify a novel DNA-sensing pathway involving RNA polymerase III and RIG-I. In this pathway, AT-rich double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) served as a template for RNA polymerase III and was transcribed into double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) containing a 5'-triphosphate moiety. Activation of RIG-I by this dsRNA induced production of type I interferon and activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB. This pathway was important in the sensing of Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNAs, which were transcribed by RNA polymerase III and then triggered RIG-I activation. Thus, RNA polymerase III and RIG-I are pivotal in sensing viral DNA.
- University of Bonn Germany
- University of Massachusetts Medical School United States
Transcription, Genetic, Mononuclear, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, DEAD-box RNA Helicases, Double-Stranded, Mice, Genetic, Poly dA-dT, 616, Leukocytes, Animals, Humans, Viral, Receptors, Immunologic, Immunology and Infectious Disease, RNA, Double-Stranded, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, NF-kappa B, RNA Polymerase III, DNA, 540, Flow Cytometry, DNA, Viral, Interferon Type I, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, RNA, DEAD Box Protein 58, RNA, Viral, Transcription
Transcription, Genetic, Mononuclear, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, DEAD-box RNA Helicases, Double-Stranded, Mice, Genetic, Poly dA-dT, 616, Leukocytes, Animals, Humans, Viral, Receptors, Immunologic, Immunology and Infectious Disease, RNA, Double-Stranded, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, NF-kappa B, RNA Polymerase III, DNA, 540, Flow Cytometry, DNA, Viral, Interferon Type I, Leukocytes, Mononuclear, RNA, DEAD Box Protein 58, RNA, Viral, Transcription
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