Resilience, defined as the ability to overcome the difficulties encountered in achieving personal, professional or academic goals, is a topic of recent interest within the field of social sciences; more specifically in Psychology and Positive Psychopedagogy. From the transcultural study of Grotberg in 1999, held in twenty places distributed in twenty countries, to transcultural research conducted by the International Association for the Evaluation of Educational Achievement (IEA) in its TIMSS 2011 study, knowledge about children resilience has been incorporating relevant data and factors related to both students and its context in the exploratory phase, which is this line of research. Transcultural research about resilience have also been responsible for changing the preventive institutional approach to promotion models, committed to optimizing strengths and resilience factors of subjects at risk.