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ResumenAntecedentesEl trastorno de conversión es una condición altamente discapacitante en población pediátrica. Este artículo de revisión presenta información actualizada sobre cómo podrían presentarse estos pacientes y cómo los pediatras y psiquiatras infantiles pueden diagnosticar y tratar este desafiante grupo de pacientes.TemaLos niños y adolescentes afectados están a menudo gravemente deteriorados y en riesgo de complicaciones graves a largo plazo, como fracaso escolar, aislamiento social, discapacidad física y morbilidad psiquiátrica. A pesar del enorme sufrimiento personal y familiar y la gran inversión de recursos en salud, el trastorno de conversión muchas veces está mal diagnosticado, lo que lleva a innecesarios exámenes médicos que terminan por generar mayor carga emocional en niños y padres. El diagnóstico precoz y el tratamiento oportuno son clave para la recuperación de los pacientes afectados.ConclusionesAyudar al paciente y su familia a que entiendan y acepten el diagnóstico debe ser el primer paso en el manejo del trastorno de conversión pediátrica. El segundo paso es educar tanto a pacientes como a sus familias sobre la verdadera naturaleza de los síntomas. Los pediatras y psiquiatras infantojuveniles deben ser capaces de utilizar elementos que configuren una aproximación no punitiva a estos pacientes y evitar confrontaciones directas, que serían causa del abandono terapéutico del paciente afectado y su familia.AbstractBackgroundConversion disorder is a highly disabling condition in the paediatric population. This review article presents the state of the art in relation to how these patients might present and how paediatricians and child psychiatrists can diagnose and treat this challenging group of patients.SubjectChildren and adolescents affected are often severely impaired and at risk of developing severe long-term complications, including school failure, social isolation, physical disability, and psychiatric morbidity. Despite the enormous personal and family suffering and the large investment of resources in health, conversion disorder is often misdiagnosed, leading to unnecessary medical examinations, which end up creating a greater emotional burden for children and parents. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are essential for the recovery of affected patients.ConclusionsHelping the patient and family to understand and accept the diagnosis should be the first step in the management of paediatric conversion disorder. The second step is to educate both patients and their families about the true nature of the symptoms. Paediatricians and child and adolescents psychiatrists should be able to use elements that configure a non-punitive approach to these patients and avoid direct confrontations, which could be responsible for therapeutic abandonment by the affected patients and their families.
Diagnóstico, Adolescents, Treatment, Diagnosis, Tratamiento, Trastorno de conversión, Conversion disorder, Niños, Adolescentes, Children, Digital Humanities and Cultural Heritage
Diagnóstico, Adolescents, Treatment, Diagnosis, Tratamiento, Trastorno de conversión, Conversion disorder, Niños, Adolescentes, Children, Digital Humanities and Cultural Heritage
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