Chronic otitis media, defined as persistent or recurrent inflammation of the middle ear mucosa, is a frequent entity in primary and secondary care. This disease causes otorrhea and hearing loss that significantly affect the quality of life of patients. In recent years, there have been new developments in its diagnosis, prevention and treatment. In this last aspect, pharmacological treatment, surgical techniques and hearing rehabilitation through implants have shown significant advances. On the other hand, chronic otitis media complications continue to occur in emergency services and have to be kept in mind because of their potential seriousness. The objective of this work is to offer the reader an update in chronic otitis media, so it may help improving the care of affected patients.