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Journal of Comparative Economics
Article . 2023 . Peer-reviewed
License: CC BY
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Other literature type . 2023
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https://dx.doi.org/10.60692/yn...
Other literature type . 2023
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Rethinking fiscal rules

إعادة التفكير في القواعد المالية
Authors: Luis Carranza-Ugarte; Julián Dı́az-Saavedra; José E. Galdón-Sánchez;

Rethinking fiscal rules

Abstract

La pandémie de Covid-19 a provoqué à la fois une baisse des recettes fiscales et une augmentation des dépenses publiques, obligeant les gouvernements à augmenter les déficits budgétaires à des niveaux sans précédent. Dans ces circonstances, il est prévisible que les règles budgétaires joueront un rôle prédominant dans la conception des politiques de relance de nombreux pays. Nous développons un modèle d'équilibre général et de chevauchement des générations pour une petite économie ouverte afin d'étudier l'impact de plusieurs règles fiscales sur le bien-être, les dépenses publiques et la croissance. Nous calibrons le modèle à l'économie péruvienne. Dans cette économie, les règles budgétaires ont été largement utilisées et, contrairement à d'autres pays d'Amérique latine, elles ont été relativement efficaces. Nous constatons que les règles budgétaires généreront de meilleurs résultats en termes de production si, en plus de maintenir le contrôle sur le résultat budgétaire, elles préservent également l'investissement public. Nous constatons également que les performances des économies qui mettent en œuvre des règles structurelles ont tendance à être meilleures que celles des économies qui mettent en œuvre des règles basées sur l'équilibre budgétaire réalisé.

La pandemia de Covid 19 ha provocado tanto una disminución de los ingresos fiscales como un aumento del gasto público, obligando a los gobiernos a aumentar los déficits fiscales a niveles sin precedentes. Dadas estas circunstancias, es previsible que las normas fiscales desempeñen un papel predominante en el diseño de las políticas de recuperación de muchos países. Desarrollamos un modelo de equilibrio general y superposición de generaciones para una economía pequeña y abierta con el fin de estudiar el impacto de varias reglas fiscales sobre el bienestar, el gasto público y el crecimiento. Calibramos el modelo a la economía peruana. En esta economía, las reglas fiscales han sido ampliamente utilizadas y, a diferencia de otros países latinoamericanos, han sido relativamente exitosas. Encontramos que las reglas fiscales generarán mejores resultados en términos de producción si, además de mantener el control sobre el resultado fiscal, también preservan la inversión pública. También encontramos que el desempeño de las economías que implementan reglas estructurales tiende a ser mejor que el desempeño de las economías que implementan reglas basadas en el equilibrio presupuestario realizado.

The Covid 19 pandemic has caused both a decrease in tax revenues and an increase in public spending, forcing governments to increase fiscal deficits to unprecedented levels. Given these circumstances, it is foreseeable that fiscal rules will play a predominant role in the design of many countries' recovery policies. We develop a general equilibrium, overlapping generations model for a small, open economy in order to study the impact of several fiscal rules upon welfare, public expenditures and growth. We calibrate the model to the Peruvian economy. In this economy, fiscal rules have been widely used and, unlike in other Latin American countries, they have been relatively successful. We find that fiscal rules will generate better results in terms of output if, in addition to maintaining control over the fiscal result, they also preserve public investment. We also find that the performance of economies that implement structural rules tends to be better than the performance of economies that implement rules based on realized budget balance.

تسببت جائحة كوفيد-19 في انخفاض الإيرادات الضريبية وزيادة الإنفاق العام، مما أجبر الحكومات على زيادة العجز المالي إلى مستويات غير مسبوقة. بالنظر إلى هذه الظروف، من المتوقع أن تلعب القواعد المالية دورًا بارزًا في تصميم سياسات التعافي في العديد من البلدان. نقوم بتطوير توازن عام، ونموذج أجيال متداخلة لاقتصاد صغير مفتوح من أجل دراسة تأثير العديد من القواعد المالية على الرفاهية والنفقات العامة والنمو. نقوم بمعايرة النموذج مع الاقتصاد البيروفي. في هذا الاقتصاد، تم استخدام القواعد المالية على نطاق واسع، وعلى عكس بلدان أمريكا اللاتينية الأخرى، كانت ناجحة نسبيًا. نجد أن القواعد المالية ستولد نتائج أفضل من حيث الناتج إذا حافظت أيضًا على الاستثمار العام، بالإضافة إلى الحفاظ على السيطرة على النتيجة المالية. كما نجد أن أداء الاقتصادات التي تطبق القواعد الهيكلية يميل إلى أن يكون أفضل من أداء الاقتصادات التي تطبق القواعد القائمة على توازن الميزانية المحقق.

Country
Spain
Keywords

Economics and Econometrics, Tax revenue, Economics, FOS: Political science, Macroeconomics, Social Sciences, Welfare, FOS: Law, Investment (military), Debt limits, Revenue, Article, Political and Economic Impacts of Fiscal Policy Cycles, Market economy, Political science, Order (exchange), Public spending, Infrastructure, Balance (ability), Macroeconomic Analysis and Policy Implications, Politics, Linguistics, Public deficit, Fiscal Rules, Latin Americans, FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion, Economics, Econometrics and Finance, Philosophy, Physical medicine and rehabilitation, Impact of Infrastructure and Taxation on Economic Growth, FOS: Languages and literature, Medicine, General equilibrium theory, General Economics, Econometrics and Finance, Law, Finance, Fiscal policy

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selected citations
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This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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