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Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular
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Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular
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Angiologia e Cirurgia Vascular
Article . 2016
License: CC BY NC ND
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Impacto da insuficiência renal no prognóstico dos doentes submetidos a reparação de aneurisma da aorta abdominal – Cirurgia convencional vs. Tratamento Endovascular do Aneurisma da Aorta

Authors: Abreu, Rodolfo; Monteiro e Castro, João; Gonçalves, Frederico Bastos; Rodrigues, Gonçalo; Quintas, Anita; Ferreira, Rita; Camacho, Nelson; +3 Authors

Impacto da insuficiência renal no prognóstico dos doentes submetidos a reparação de aneurisma da aorta abdominal – Cirurgia convencional vs. Tratamento Endovascular do Aneurisma da Aorta

Abstract

ResumoIntroduçãoA correção cirúrgica do aneurisma da aorta abdominal (AAA), por Endovascular Aneurysm Repair (EVAR) ou cirurgia convencional (CC), pode agravar a função renal a curto prazo. Esta complicação, mais frequente nos doentes com insuficiência renal crónica (IRC), associa‐se a pior prognóstico a longo prazo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar o agravamento da função renal após reparação do AAA em doentes com IRC prévia e demonstrar o consequente aumento da morbimortalidade.MétodosEstudo retrospetivo em doentes com IRC estádios Chronic Kidney Disease 3‐4 (TFGe 15‐59ml/min), submetidos a correção eletiva de AAA entre fevereiro/2011 e fevereiro/2015 numa instituição terciária. Variáveis estudadas: idade, sexo, tipo de intervenção (convencional/EVAR) e estádio CKD. Endpoints: variação da creatinina e taxa de filtração glomerular com a cirurgia, complicações renais pós‐operatórias, necessidade de reintervenção cirúrgica e mortalidade. A análise estatística foi realizada em SPSS.ResultadosForam incluídos 71 doentes. Quinze doentes (21%) foram operados por CC e 56 (78%) por EVAR. À data da intervenção, os doentes encontravam‐se nos seguintes estádios da DRC: CKD 3 – 65 (91%) e CKD 4 – 6 (9%). A variação da TFG com a cirurgia foi −1,08±18,01mg/dl. Verificou‐se IRC agudizada pós‐operatória em 22 (31%) doentes e necessidade de diálise em 5 (7%). A mortalidade global foi 8,5%. Os doentes operados por EVAR tinham DRC mais avançada pré‐operatoriamente, mas apresentaram menor agravamento da função renal. Variação TFG: EVAR 1,14±16,26ml/min vs. CC 9,40±22,11ml/min (p=0,022); variação creatinina: EVAR 0,17±1,03mg/dl vs. CC 0,81±1,47mg/dl (p=0,02). A agudização da IRC pós‐operatória foi superior no grupo CC (53,3 vs. 28,6%; p=0,072), assim como a necessidade de diálise (20 vs. 3,6%, p=0,06). Os 6 doentes que faleceram (EVAR: 3; CC: 3) apresentaram maior agravamento da função renal (variação da creatinina: 1,41±1,63mg/dl vs. 0,20±1,07mg/dl, p=0,001; variação da TFG: −19,0±16,55ml/min; 0,57±17,34ml/min, p=0,007) e necessidade de diálise (50 vs. 3,1%, p=0,003).ConclusãoOs resultados demonstraram uma tendência para uma menor probabilidade de IRA, menor necessidade de diálise pós‐operatória e menor mortalidade nos doentes tratados por EVAR. Contudo, o impacto da administração de contraste a médio/longo prazo, decorrente dos programas de vigilância pós‐EVAR, deve ser considerado.Julgamos ser possível considerar que a realização de EVAR para o tratamento de doentes com AAA e IRC é um procedimento pelo menos tão seguro como a CC.AbstractIntroductionSurgical repair of AAA through EVAR or conventional surgery (CS) can worsen renal function in the short‐term. This complication, more common in patients with CKD, is associated with worse long‐term prognosis. The aim of this study was to quantify the deterioration of renal function after AAA repair in patients with previous IRC and demonstrate the resulting increase in morbidity and mortality.MethodsRetrospective study of patients with CKD stages 3‐4 (eGFR 15‐59mL/min) undergoing elective repair of AAA between February/2011 and February/2015 in a tertiary institution. Studied variables: age, gender, type of intervention (CS/EVAR) and CKD stage. Endpoints: change in creatinine and GFR with surgery, postoperative renal complications, need for another surgical intervention and mortality. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS.ResultsWe included 71 patients. Fifteen (21%) underwent CS and 56 (78%) EVAR. At the time of intervention, patients had the following stages of CKD: CKD 3 ‐ 65 (91%); CKD 4 ‐ 6 (9%). GFR change with surgery was −1.08±18.01mg/dl. Worsened postoperative IRC occurred in 22 (31%) patients and 5 (7%) needed dialysis. Overall mortality was 8.5%. Patients operated by EVAR had more advanced CKD preoperatively, but showed less worsening of renal function. GFR variation: EVAR 14.1±16.26ml/min vs CS −9.40±22.11ml/min (p=0.022); creatinine variation: EVAR 0.17±1.03mg/dl vs CS 0.81±1.47mg/dl (p=0.02). CKD worsening was superior in the CS group (53.3% vs 28.6%; p=0.072) as well as the need for dialysis (20% vs 3.6%, p=0.06). The 6 patients that died (EVAR: 3; CC: 3) showed greater worsening of renal function (creatinine variation: 1.41±1.63mg/dl vs. 0.20±1.07mg/dl, p=0.001; GFR change: −19.0±16.55ml/min; 0.57±17.34ml/min, p=0.007) and need for dialysis.ConclusionThe results showed a trend towards a lower probability of acute renal failure, less need of post‐operative dialysis and lower mortality in patients treated by EVAR. However, the medium/long term impact of contrast administration, due to post‐EVAR surveillance programs, should be regarded.We believe that it is possible to consider that the use of EVAR for the treatment of patients with AAA and CKD is a procedure at least as safe as CS.

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Portugal
Keywords

Insuficiência renal crónica, Insuficiência renal aguda, Insuficiência Renal Crónica, Insuficiência Renal Aguda, Insuficiência renal aguda, Aneurisma da aorta abdominal, Insuficiência renal crónica, Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm, Aneurisma da Aorta Abdominal, Chronic Kidney Disease, HSM CIR VASC, Tratamento Endovascular do Aneurisma da Aorta, Acute Renal Failure, Endovascular Aneurysm Repair

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This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
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Published in a Diamond OA journal