The value of the ground resistance is a very important factor to be considered for reliable operation of electrical appliances at home, industry and commercial buildings. The ground resistance essentially provides three important characteristics, namely (i) zero potential reference for the electrical system, (ii) low resistance path to protect electrical appliances from the electrical faults and (iii) electrical equipment protection against static electricity, and personnel from the touch potential. The standard value of the ground resistance must be lower than 1 Ω for residential, 5 Ω for telephone system and 10 Ω for substation. However, it is difficult to get those values of the ground resistance due to the varying properties of the surrounding soil. The generator, transformer and other high voltage equipment are usually grounded using grounding grid. Whereas in the transmission lines, each foot of the tower is also grounded by vertically driven rods. In this chapter, types and size of earth electrode and different ground resistance measurement methods will be discussed.