
Risk arises in particular types of production (e.g. oil-drilling) and where production takes place in advance of an uncertain demand. ‘Entrepreneurship’ accepts this risk, and it has to be paid at least its opportunity cost — ‘normal profit’. The size of normal profit will vary according to the degree of risk involved and the willingness of people to accept that risk.
| citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 3 | |
| popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Average | |
| influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Average | |
| impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Average |
