
For Abel's differential equation \(dr/dt=a(t)r^2+b(t)r^3,\) \(t\in[t_0,t_1],\) it is said that the solution \(r=0\) is a center if for \(c\) small enough, the solution passing for \(r=c\) when \(t=t_0,\) \(r(t,c),\) also satisfies \(r(t_1,c)=c.\) The aim of this paper is to study conditions for Abel's differential equation to have a center at \(r=0.\) The main result is a theorem which allows to compute in a recurrent way the solution \(r(t,c)=c+\sum_{i\geq 2}r_i(t)c^i,\) as \(r_{n+1}(t)=A(t)r_n(t)+C_n(t),\) being \(A(t)=\int_{t_0}^ta(s)ds,\) \(r_1(t)\equiv 1\) and \(C_m(t)=\sum_{i+j=m}r_i(t)\int_{t_0}^t b(s)r_j(s)ds.\) It is proved by writing the Abel differential equation as the equivalent integral equation \(r(t,c)=c(1+A(t)r(t,c)+r(t,c)\int_{t_0}^tb(s)r(s,c) ds).\) As a consequence of the recurrent expression given in the theorem, the authors prove that when \(a(t)=2t,\) \(b(t)=\varepsilon \tilde b(t),\) being \(\tilde b(t)\) a polynomial, and \([t_0,t_1]=[-1,1]\) then, for \(\varepsilon\) small enough, the Abel differential equation has a center at \(r=0\) if and only if \(\tilde b(t)\) is an odd polynomial.
Bautin quantity, Abel differential equation, Applied Mathematics, Abel equation, Bautin ideal, recurrence relation, Periodic solutions of integral equations, Periodic orbits of vector fields and flows, center condition, center problem, Periodic solutions to ordinary differential equations, Asymptotic expansions of solutions to ordinary differential equations, Analysis
Bautin quantity, Abel differential equation, Applied Mathematics, Abel equation, Bautin ideal, recurrence relation, Periodic solutions of integral equations, Periodic orbits of vector fields and flows, center condition, center problem, Periodic solutions to ordinary differential equations, Asymptotic expansions of solutions to ordinary differential equations, Analysis
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