This is the seventh reported case of popliteal artery entrapment due to an anomalous course of the popliteal artery in relation to the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle. This syndrome should be suspected in young male patients who have unilateral intermittent claudication without evidence of generalized arteriosclerosis. Characteristic arteriographic findings are (1) an abnormal segmental occlusion of the popliteal artery, and (2) medial deviation of the artery. Transection of the medial head of the gastrocnemius muscle and thromboendarterectomy or replacement of the popliteal artery is curative.