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Idea of Man by Max Sheler and Modern World

Idea of Man by Max Sheler and Modern World

Abstract

The paper is dedicated to the critical reconstruction of the project of philosophical anthropology drafted by German philosopher Max Sheler at the beginning of XX century in his article “On the Idea of Man” (“Zur Idee des Menschen”). The author tries also to show the contemporary relevance of the main notions and ideas of the anthropological conception which is drafted in this article. From the very title of the article, it becomes clear that Max Sheler based his philosophical anthropology on the phenomenological methodology. According to this methodological approach, we should grasp the idea of man in the act of ideation, which is a result of phenomenological reduction. In accordance to the phenomenological critique of the psychologism, Sheler shows that we cannot find the peculiar idea of man in the natural reality, since from this point of view a man is just an animal among other animals. Being human means overcoming yourself every movement of your existence. The “self-transcendence” is the main feature of the human being. One of the main instrument of the self-transcendence is a human language that gives world a chance to articulate itself. The human self-transcendence can lead to development and creation, but at the same time, it can lead to degradation and destruction. In the modern world, we can find many examples of the both processes.

Це дослідження присвячено критичній реконструкції проєкту філософської антропології, який німецький філософ Макс Шелер накреслив у статті «Ідея людини» (Zur Idee des Menschen) на початку ХХ століття. Автор також намагається показати сучасну релевантність головних ідей і понять антропологічної концепції, накресленої в цій статті. Із самої назви роботи стає зрозумілим, що Макс Шелер спирався у своїй філософській антропології на феноменологічну методологію. Відповідно до цього методологічного підходу ми маємо схопити ідею людини в акті ідеації, який є результатом феноменологічної редукції. Згідно з феноменологічною критикою психологізму, Шелер показує, що ми не можемо віднайти питому ідею людини в природній реальності, оскільки з цього погляду людина — це лише тварина серед інших тварин. Бути людиною означає перевершувати себе кожну мить власного існування. «Самотрансцендування» є головною рисою людського буття. Одним із головних інструментів самотрансцендування є людська мова, яка дає світу можливість артикулювати себе. Людське самотрансцендування може вести до розвитку і творення, але водночас — до деградації і деструкції. У сучасному світі ми знаходимо багато прикладів обох процесів.

Keywords

philosophical anthropology, history of philosophy, language, Макс Шелер, історія філософії, мова, world, філософська антропологія, nature, Max Scheler, Бог, інструмент, феноменологія, тварина, man, світ, God, instrument, phenomenology, людина, animal, природа

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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