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About one group of metal magical objects in the Koban culture

Authors: Mahortîh, S.V.; Makhortykh, S.; Pomberger, B.; Wegner, W.; Winkler, V.; Gromer, K.;

About one group of metal magical objects in the Koban culture

Abstract

Această lucrare prezintă o trecere în revistă a clopotelor din peleți metalici descoperite în contextul arheologic al primei epoci a fierului din Caucazul Central și de Nord. Clopoțeii Сonical Pellet Bells cu excavații ajurate fac parte dintre obiectele magice exotice descoperite în complexele funerare ale culturii Koban. Principala zonă de răspândire a acestora sunt regiunile muntoase din Caucazul Central, în primul rând necropola Koban. Aceste obiecte formează un grup destul de omogen și compact, diferind în principal prin designul bdquo;gâtuluirdquo;, situat între cușcă și buclă. Clopoțeii cu peleți sunt recuperați mai ales în înmormântări feminine, care sunt datate în cadrul celei de-a doua jumătăți ndash; sfârșitul secolului al VIII î.e.n. Făceau parte din ansambluri de amulete care formau coliere și erau folosite ca talismane asociate credințelor cosmogonice, cultelor animalelor și magiei prin vrăji. Apariția acestor obiecte trebuie considerată ca un rezultat al împrumutului bdquo;importuluirdquo; de idei de către populația culturii Koban de la locuitorii Caucazului de Sud, unde diferite pandantive conice în formă de clopot și clopoței cu peleți erau bine cunoscute în epoca bronzului târziu ndash; începutul epocii fierului. Turnate în aliaj de cupru cu o cantitate mare de antimoniu, acestea prezintă game de frecvențe de la 0,2 kHz până la 20 kHz cu caracter de zgomot și intensitate destul de scăzută.

В данной статье представлен обзор металлических погремушек-бубенцов, обнаруженных в археологическом контексте раннего железного века на Центральном и Северном Кавказе. Конические погремушки с ажурными выемками относятся к числу экзотических магических артефактов, обнаруженных в погребальных комплексах Кобанской культуры. Основной ареал их распространения ndash; горные районы Центрального Кавказа, прежде всего Кобанский некрополь. Эти артефакты образуют довольно однородную и компактную группу, отличающуюся в основном конструкцией laquo;шейкиraquo;, расположенной между туловом и петлей. Погремушки-бубенцы найдены в основном в женских погребениях, которые датируются второй половиной ndash; концом VIII века до н.э. Они входили в состав амулетов, составлявших ожерелья, и использовались в качестве талисманов, связанных с космогоническими верованиями, культами животных и заклинательной магией. Появление этих артефактов следует рассматривать как результат заимствования laquo;импортаraquo; кобанцами идей у жителей Южного Кавказа, где в эпоху поздней бронзы ndash; раннего железа были известны различные конические колоколовидные подвески и погремушки-бубенцы. Отлитые из медного сплава с большим содержанием сурьмы, они имеют частотный диапазон от 0,2 кГц до 20 кГц с шумовым характером и достаточно низкой интенсивностью.

This paper presents a review of Early Iron Age metal pellet bells found in archaeological contexts of Central and North Caucasus. Сonical pellet bells with openwork sound boxes belong to the exotic magical objects discovered in the burial complexes of the Koban culture. The main area of their distribution is the mountainous regions of the Central Caucasus, primarily the Koban necropolis. These objects form a rather homogeneous, compact group, differing mainly in the design of the ldquo;neckrdquo;, located between the cage and the loop. Pellet bells are mostly recovered in female burials, which are dated within the framework of the second half ndash; end of the 8th century BC. They were part of amulet assemblages that formed necklaces and were used as charms associated with cosmogonic beliefs, animal cults and spell magic. The appearance of these objects should be considered as a result of borrowing ldquo;importrdquo; of ideas by the population of the Koban culture from the inhabitants of the South Caucasus, where various conical bellshaped pendants and pellet bells were well known in the Late Bronze-Early Iron Age. Cast in copper-alloy with a high amount of antimony, they show frequency-ranges from 0.2 kHz up to 20 kHz with noise character and rather low loudness.

Related Organizations
Keywords

clopote cu peleți, pellet bells, cercetări interdisciplinare, междисциплинарный анализ, interdisciplinary analysis, погремушки-бубенцы, Центральный и Северный Кавказ, 8 в. до н.э., VIII î.e.n., кобанская культура, Central and North Caucasus, Caucazul Central și de Nord, cultura Koban, 8th century BC, Koban culture

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green